目的 通过对2011-2018年肥西县手足口病病原学检测结果分析,了解肥西县手足口病病原学特征,为手足口病医疗救治提供支持。方法 手足口病发病资料来自传染病报告信息管理系统,采用描述流行病方法进行分析,采集手足口病患者相关标本627份,采用荧光RT-PCR检测肠道病毒核酸。结果 2011~2018年共检测手足口病例627例,肠道病毒核酸阳性411例,阳性率65.55%。其中EV71型占38.44%,CVA16型占27.74%,其他肠道病毒占33.82%。各年度EV71型、CVA16型、其他肠道病毒核酸检测阳性构成不同,差异有统计学意义(χ2=102.10,P＜0.001),重症病例与普通病例的EV71型阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.300,P=0.002),男女阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.001,P=0.978),发病人群以5岁以下儿童为主。结论 2011~2018年手足口病病原谱发生变化,EV71型构成有所下降,其他肠道病毒构成有所上升。关注病原学检测结果变化对手足口病发病的影响。
Abstract
Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of hand foot mouth disease (HFMD) in Feixi County from 2011 to 2018 and provide support for medical treatment of HFMD. Methods The incidence data of HFMD were collected from infectious disease reporting information management system.The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data.627 samples of HFMD patients were collected for detection of enterovirus nucleic acid by fluorescent RT-PCR. Results From 2011 to 2018,627 hand foot mouth cases were detected,411 cases were positive for enterovirus nucleic acid,and the positive rate was 65.55%.Among them,EV71 accounted for 38.44%,CVA 16 accounted for 27.74%,and other enteroviruses accounted for 33.82%.The positive composition of EV71,CVA 16 and other enteroviruses was different in each year,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=102.10,P＜0.001).The difference of EV71 positive rate between severe cases and common cases was statistically significant(χ2=9.300,P=0.002).There was no significant difference in the positive rate between male and female(χ2=0.001,P=0.978).Most of the patients were children under 5 years old. Conclusion From 2011 to 2018,the pathogen spectrum of HFMD changed,the composition of EV71 decreased,and the composition of other enteroviruses increased.Attention should be paid to the influence of the change of etiological test results on the incidence of hand foot mouth disease.
关键词
手足口病 /
病原学 /
肠道病毒
Key words
Hand-foot-mouthdisease /
Etiology /
Enterovirus
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