目的 分析平罗县2018年流行性乙型脑炎流行特征,探讨乙脑发病水平上升的原因。方法 收集2018年平罗县乙脑监测资料,蚊媒监测资料和流行病学调查资料,采用描述性流行病学分析方法,分析乙脑流行特征和发病原因。结果 2018年共报告乙脑44例,报告发病率为15.73/10万;死亡9例,报告死亡率3.22/10万,病死率20.45%。以农村发病为主,以50岁以上人群病例较多,占93.18%,蚊媒以三带喙库蚊为主,占65.52%。结论 2018年平罗县乙型脑炎病例有明显地区、人群分布特点,且2018年三带喙库蚊密度高,要加强蚊媒监测预警,针对重点人群进行干预。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of epidemic encephalitis B in Pingluo County in 2018 and explore the reasons for the rising incidence of epidemic encephalitis B. Methods Data of epidemic encephalitis B surveillance,mosquito vector surveillance and epidemiological investigation in Pingluo County in 2018 were collected to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and causes of epidemic encephalitis B by descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results In 2018,a total of 44 cases of epidemic encephalitis B was reported,with a reported incidence rate of 15.73 / 100,000 and 9 deaths,with a reported mortality rate of 3.22 / 100,000 and case fatality rate of 20.45%.In rural areas,93.18% of the cases occurred in people over 50 years of age.Culex tritaeniorhynchus was the main of mosquito vector,accounting for 65.52%. Conclusion There were obvious regional and population distribution characteristics of epidemic encephalitis B cases in Pingluo County in 2018,and the density of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was high in 2018.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen mosquito vector monitoring and early warning,and carry out intervention for key population.