目的 分析宜兴市学校手足口病疫情特征,为探讨学校手足口病防控策略提供依据。方法 根据2015—2018年中国疾病预防控制信息系统—突发公共卫生事件报告管理系统中的宜兴市学校手足口病聚集性疫情或暴发疫情监测资料,描述其疫情特点、病原学结果,并使用Pearson相关分析、方差分析、秩和检验等进行统计分析。结果 2015—2018年,宜兴市学校发生手足口病疫情339起(聚集性疫情335起、暴发疫情4起);319起疫情发生于托幼机构;280起疫情发生于5—6月和9—12月。城区与毗邻乡镇和外周乡镇比较,疫情起数(T=85.50,P=0.005)和发生频率(T=86.00,P=0.005)的差异有统计学意义;小学与托幼机构比较,疫情起数(t=8.447,P<0.001)和发生频率(t=8.634,P<0.001)的差异有统计学意义;不同等级的托幼机构疫情起数的差异有统计学意义(F=5.225,P=0.002);不同类型的手足口病疫情在病例数(H=216.34,P＜0.001)、持续时间(H =119.57,P＜0.001)和进展速度(H=14.16,P=0.001)的差异有统计学意义;不同年份,引起手足口病疫情病原体的构成比的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。结论 宜兴市学校手足口病疫情以城区和托幼机构为高发地区和场所,偶数年疫情高于奇数年,应加强重点地区和场所疫情的防控工作。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of epidemics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) in schools in Yixing city,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control strategies. Methods According to the China's Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2015 to 2018,the monitoring data of the cluster epidemic or outbreak of HFMD in schools in Yixing City were collected.The epidemic characteristics and pathogens were described.Pearson correlation analysis,analysis of variance and rank sum test were used for statistical analysis. Results There were 339 epidemics of HFMD in schools in Yixing city from 2015 to 2018,including 335 clustered epidemics and 4 outbreaks.319 epidemics occurred in kindergartens,280 epidemics occurred in May to June and September to December.There were statistically significant differences in the number (T=85.50,P=0.005) and the frequency (T=86.00,P=0.005) of epidemics between the urban area (including its adjacent towns) and the peripheral towns.There were statistically significant differences in the number (t=8.447,P<0.001) and frequency (t=8.634,P<0.001) of epidemics between primary schools and kindergartens.There was statistically significant difference in the number of epidemics among different levels of kindergartens (F=5.225,P=0.002).There were statistically significant differences in the number of cases (H=216.34,P＜0.001),duration (H=119.57,P＜0.001) and progression rate (H=14.16,P=0.001) among different types of the epidemics.There was statistically significant difference in the constituent ratios of pathogens which caused the epidemics in different years (P＜0.001). Conclusion The urban area and its adjacent towns and kindergartens are high-risk areas and places of epidemics of HFMD in Yixing,the epidemic situation in even years is higher than that in odd years,so the prevention and control of epidemic situation in key areas and places should be strengthened.