目的 分析芜湖市镜湖区血吸虫病疫情动态,评价2015—2019年镜湖区血吸虫病综合防治效果。方法 收集镜湖区2015—2019年血吸虫病防治工作年报及相关数据,对人群病情调查、螺情调查等资料进行分析,综合评价防治效果。结果 2015—2019年全区累计查病54 580人次,年均血检阳性率为0.62%,不同年份血检阳性率呈下降趋势(χ²_趋势=104.418,P＜0.001)。5年间全区累计查螺面积3 486.32 hm²,其中有螺面积累计470.96 hm²,且有螺面积呈现总体上升的趋势,无新发钉螺面积且未出现感染性钉螺,有螺框数出现率总体呈现下降趋势,不同年份间差异具有统计学意义(χ²=616.049,P＜0.001),活螺密度总体呈现下降趋势,差异具有统计学意义(t=6.519,P＜0.05),灭螺面积总体呈现增加趋势。5年间晚期血吸虫病患者例数总体减少,未出现新发病例,接受救治的患者好转率均达到100.00%。2015—2019年人群血检阳性人数与有螺面积呈正相关(r_s=0.485,P＜0.05)。结论 镜湖区血吸虫病疫情得到有效控制,仍需继续加强感染性钉螺和输入性传染源的监测工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis in Jinghu District of Wuhu City,and evaluate the effect of comprehensive control of schistosomiasis in Jinghu District from 2015 to 2019. Methods The annual reports of schistosomiasis prevention and control in Jinghu District from 2015 to 2019 and related data were collected,and analysis of the population's disease survey and Oncomelania snails survey data were conducted to comprehensively evaluate the control effect. Results From 2015 to 2019,a total of 54,580 people were checked for schistosomiasis in the whole district,,and the average annual positive rate of blood tests was 0.62%.The positive rate of blood tests showed a downward trend in different years.(χ²_trend=104.418,P＜0.001).In the five years,the total area of Oncomelania snails investigated in the whole district was 3486.32 hm²,of which the cumulative area with Oncomelania snails was 470.96 hm² in 5 years.The area with Oncomelania snails showed an overall upward trend.There was no new area with Oncomelania snails,and no infectious Oncomelania snails.The occurrence rate of frames with Oncomelania snails generally showed a downward trend and the difference among different years was statistically significant (χ²=616.049,P＜0.001).The density of live Oncomelania snails tended to decline and the difference was statistically significant (t=6.519,P＜0.05).The area of Oncomelania snails extinction generally increased.In the five years,the number of patients with advanced schistosomiasis decreased overall,and no new cases occurred.The improvement rate of patients receiving treatment reached 100.00%.From 2015 to 2019,the number of people whose blood tests were positive was positively correlated with the area of Oncomelania snails (r_s=0.485,P＜0.05). Conclusion The schistosomiasis epidemic situation has been effectively controlled in Jinghu District.Surveillance of infectious Oncomelania snails and imported sources of infection still needs to be strengthened.