目的 了解马鞍山市沐浴场所淋浴水嗜肺军团菌污染状况,探讨沐浴场所淋浴水嗜肺军团菌污染的影响因素,为卫生监督管理提供相关依据。方法 选取马鞍山市49家正常营业运行1年及以上的沐浴场所作为监测对象,采集淋浴水样222份;同时对经营者进行问卷调查,内容包括沐浴场所的基本情况、沐浴水管理、以及储水设备管理等情况。结果 53.1%的淋浴场所(26/49)淋浴水样检测出嗜肺军团菌,采集的222份淋浴水样中66份(占29.7%)嗜肺军团菌检测阳性,血清分型主要为Lp1、Lp3、Lp4、Lp6、Lp8、Lp10、Lp12。单因素分析显示,沐浴场所嗜肺军团菌检出情况在是否设有混水罐、储水设备是否定期清洗和消毒、淋浴喷头是否定期消毒中的差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.909,P＜0.001;χ2=13.088,P＜0.001;χ2=16.195,P＜0.001;χ2=28.203,P＜0.001)。非条件逐步logistic 回归分析显示,设有混水罐嗜肺军团菌检出风险增加(OR=4.717,95%CI:1.017~21.866),储水设备定期消毒可降低嗜肺军团菌污染风险(OR=0.201,95%CI:0.046~0.881)。结论 马鞍山市沐浴场所淋浴水存在嗜肺军团菌污染,并与设有混水罐、储水设备定期消毒存在密切关系,相关部门应引起足够重视。
Abstract
Objective To understand the Legionella pneumophila contamination status of shower water in Ma'anshan City,and to explore the influencing factors of Legionella pneumophila contamination in shower water,so as to provide relevant basis for health supervision and management. Methods A total of 49 bathing places operating normally for 1 year or more in Ma'anshan City were selected as monitoring objects,and 222 shower water samples were collected.At the same time,a questionnaire survey was conducted on the operators,including the basic situation of bathing places,the management of bathing water,and the management of water storage equipment. Results Legionella pneumophila was detected in 53.1% of shower water samples (26 / 49).66 (29.7%) of 222 shower water samples were positive for Legionella pneumophila.The main serotypes were Lp1,Lp3,Lp4,Lp6,Lp8,Lp10 and Lp12.Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the detection of Legionella pneumophila among whether there were mixing tanks,whether the water storage equipment was cleaned and disinfected regularly,and whether the shower nozzle was disinfected regularly(χ2=22.909,P＜0.001;χ2=13.088,P＜0.001;χ2=16.195,P＜0.001;χ2=28.203,P＜0.001).Unconditional stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that mixed water tank increased the risk of Legionella pneumophila detection (OR=4.717,95% CI:1.017-21.866),and regular disinfection of water storage equipment could reduce the risk of Legionella pneumophila contamination (OR=0.201,95%CI:0.046-0.881). Conclusion Legionella pneumophila contamination exists in shower water of bathing places in Ma'anshan City,which is closely related to the installation of mixing tanks,regular disinfection of water storage equipment.Relevant departments should pay enough attention to it.
关键词
嗜肺军团菌 /
淋浴水 /
沐浴场所 /
卫生监督 /
公共场所
Key words
Legionella pneumophila /
Shower water /
Bathing places /
Health supervision /
Public places
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