目的 通过分析蚌埠市蚌山区疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)监测数据,了解AEFI发生及流行特征,为预防接种安全性研究及目前开展的新冠疫苗接种工作提供参考依据。方法 分别通过AEFI信息管理系统和安徽省免疫规划信息系统收集蚌山区2012—2020年AEFI个案信息和疫苗接种信息,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2012—2020年全区累计报告AEFI 268例,报告发生率为39.64/10万剂次,其中2020年最高(76.64/10万剂次),2017年最低(21.37/10万剂次),报告发生率差异有统计学意义(χ²=47.891,P＜0.001)。AEFI的报告以二、三季度为多,占全年的70.52%。一般反应和异常反应发生率分别为 35.21/10万剂次和4.14/10万剂次,偶合症发生率为0.30/10万剂次,无心因性反应,无疫苗接种事故和疫苗质量事故的报告;严重AEFI发生率为0.44/10万剂次。男女性别比为 1.68∶1 ,以≤1岁儿童最高,占69.78%。报告例数在前3位的疫苗分别是:百白破疫苗(无细胞)、白破疫苗、乙肝疫苗,合计报告178例,占比66.42%(178/268)。结论 蚌山区AEFI监测系统运转良好,AEFI监测系统敏感性较高,疫苗接种安全性较好。

Objective To analyze the monitoring data of adverse event following immunization (AEFI) in Bengshan District of Bengbu City,and to understand the occurrence and epidemic characteristics of AEFI,so as to provide reference basis for vaccination safety research and the current COVID-19 vaccination work. Methods AEFI case information and vaccination information from 2012 to 2020 in Bengshan District were collected through AEFI Information Management System and Anhui Immunization Planning Information System,and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 268 cases of AEFI were reported in the region from 2012 to 2020,with a reported incidence of 39.64/100,000 doses,of which the highest in 2020 (76.64/100,000 doses) and the lowest in 2017 (21.37/100,000 doses).The difference in the reported incidence was statistically significant (χ²=47.891,P＜0.001).AEFI reports mostly in the second and third quarters,accounting for 70.52% of the entire year.The incidence of general reaction and abnormal reaction were 35.21/100,000 and 4.14/100,000 doses,respectively.The incidence of coupling disease was 0.30/100,000 doses.There were no psychogenic reactions,no reports of vaccination accidents and vaccine quality accidents.The incidence of severe AEFI was 0.44/100000 doses.The ratio of male to female was 1.68:1,with the highest proportion of children≤1 year old,accounting for 69.78%.The number of reported cases in the top three were Acellular DPT vaccine,Diphtheria-Tetanus vaccine,hepatitis B vaccine,and a total of 178 cases were reported,accounting for 66.42% (178/268). Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Bengshan District operates well,the AEFI monitoring system has high sensitivity and good vaccination safety.