目的 通过对淮南市首起类鼻疽疫情进行现场流行病学调查,查找可能的传染源、传播途径,进一步评估淮南市类鼻疽爆发的风险,为今后类鼻疽防控工作提供基础资料。方法 通过对患者家属面对面的交流、对患家及周围环境进行现场调查的方式,对此起疫情进行现场流行病学调查,同时实地走访患者可能的感染环境,搜索可能的传染源以及可疑病例。结果 流行病学调查结果显示,此起疫情中涉及的2名患者发病前2个星期内一直呆在家中,无出国史,无海南、广东等地的旅游史,无与归国人员、赴海南、广东等地旅游人员接触史,无与病畜(马、牛、羊、猪等)接触史,无与被可疑污染的水、尘土接触史,未发现可疑传染源。结论 根据2名患者的生活史,发病时间,临床症状,结合实验室结果判断此起疫情为一起疑似同源暴露机会感染类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌的散发疫情。

Objective Through the field epidemiological investigation of the first case of melioidosis in Huainan City,find out the possible infection sources and transmission routes,and further evaluate the risk of the outbreak of melioidosis in Huainan City,so as to provide basic data for the prevention and control of melioidosis in the future. Methods Through face-to-face communication with the patient's family members and on-site investigation of the patient's home and surrounding environment,the field epidemiological investigation of the epidemic was carried out.At the same time,the possible infection environment of the patient was visited to search for possible infection sources and suspicious cases. Results The epidemiological investigation results showed that the two patients involved in the epidemic had stayed at home for two weeks before the onset of the disease,had no history of going abroad,no tourism history in Hainan,Guangdong and other places,no contact history with returnees,tourists to Hainan,Guangdong and other places,no contact history with sick animals (horses,cattle,sheep,pigs,etc.),no contact history with suspected contaminated water and dust,and no suspected source of infection was found. Conclusion According to the life history,onset time,clinical symptoms and laboratory results of the two patients,it is judged that the epidemic is an sporadic epidemic of suspected homologous exposure opportunistic infection of Burkholderia pseudomallei.