目的 分析安徽省2018—2020年流感监测结果,探讨流感样病例发病特点及病原学变化趋势,为流感精准防控提供科学依据。方法 根据中国流感监测信息系统中安徽省2018—2020年流感监测哨点医院报告的流感样病例(ILI)监测资料及流感实验室的流感病毒检测结果进行统计学分析。结果 安徽省24家哨点医院2018—2020年门急诊就诊人数为14 927 130例,其中ILI病例613 498例,ILI%为4.11%,0~4岁病例占53.64%;60岁及以上人群占3.50%。全省2018—2020年共报告流感样病例聚集性疫情581起,各年度分别为67起、456起、58起,疫情主要发生在冬春季节。2018—2020年安徽省17家流感监测网络实验室共检测流感样病例标本78 475份,其中阳性标本11 799份,阳性率为15.04%,2018年和2019年新甲H1型流感检出率较高,分别为65.89%、42.16%;2020年流感优势毒株为乙型Victoria系,不同监测年度流感病毒核酸检测阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ²=2 900.832,P<0.001)。结论 2018—2020年冬春季仍是安徽省流感防控的重点时期,0~4岁的学龄前儿童是防控的重点人群;不同监测年度优势毒株不同;应持续加强流感监测,为流感防控提供依据。

Objective To analyze the results of influenza surveillance in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2020,and explore the incidence characteristics and pathogenic change trend of influenza like illness,so as to provide scientific basis for accurate influenza prevention and control. Methods According to influenza-like illness surveillance information reported by influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals and influenza virus detection results from influenza laboratories in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2020 in the China Influenza Surveillance Information System,statistical analysis was carried out. Results The number of outpatient and emergency visits in 24 sentinel hospitals in Anhui province from 2018 to 2020 was 14 927 130 cases,from which 613 498 were ILI cases,with ILI% of 4.11%,53.64% in the age group of 0-4 years old and 3.50% in the age group of 60 years old and above.A total of 581 influenza-like illness were reported in the province from 2018 to 2020,with 67 456 and 58 cases in each year.Most cases occurring in the winter and spring seasons.A total of 78 475 samples of influenza like illness were detected in 17 influenza monitoring network laboratories in Anhui Province 2018 to 2020,of which 11 799 were positive,with a positive rate of 15.04%.The detection rate of new influenza A H1 in 2018 and 2019 was higher,65.89% and 42.16%,respectively.The dominant strain of influenza in 2020 was type B Victoria lineage,with statistically significant differences in the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid testing in different surveillance years ( χ²=2,900.83,P<0.001). Conclusion The winter and spring of 2018—2020 are still the key period for influenza prevention and control in Anhui Province,and preschool children aged 0-4 years are the key population for prevention and control.The predominant strain differs in different surveillance years.Influenza surveillance should be continuously strengthened to provide evidence for influenza prevention and control.