目的 通过分析2019—2020年淮南市食源性疾病病原体的检测结果,了解其病原学特征,为有效控制食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法 参考《国家食源性疾病监测手册》,采集淮南市哨点医院食源性疾病病例的相关标本,进行致泻大肠埃希氏菌、沙门氏菌、副溶血弧菌和志贺氏菌的分离培养,对诺如病毒进行核酸检测,同时对沙门氏菌和部分致泻大肠埃希氏菌阳性菌株进行耐药性分析。结果 2019—2020年共采集检测粪便标本240份,检出病原体111份,检出率46.25％,2019年与2020年分别检出阳性标本64份与47份,检出率差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.844,P=0.028)。其中混合感染9份,检出率3.75％。检出致泻大肠埃希氏菌44株、诺如病毒核酸阳性36份、沙门氏菌26株、副溶血弧菌11株,未检出志贺氏菌。30株致泻大肠埃希氏菌和26株沙门氏菌中有54株存在不同程度耐药,部分菌株出现多重耐药。结论 2019—2020年淮南市食源性疾病病原体以致泻大肠埃希氏菌和诺如病毒为主,存在混合感染和多重耐药菌株。

Objective To analyze the detection results of foodborne diseases pathogens in Huainan City from 2019 to 2020,and to understand their etiological characteristics,so as to provide scientific basis for effective control of foodborne diseases. Methods Referring to the National Foodborne Disease Surveillance Manual,the samples of food borne disease cases in Huainan City sentinel hospital were collected,and the diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Shigella were isolated and cultured.The nucleic acid of Norovirus was detected,and the drug resistance of Salmonella and some diarrheagenic Escherichia coli positive strains was analyzed. Results From 2019 to 2020,a total of 240 stool samples were collected and detected,and 111 pathogens were detected,with a detection rate of 46.25%.In 2019 and 2020,64 and 47 positive samples were detected respectively,and the difference in detection rate was statistically significant (χ²=4.844,p=0.028).Among them,9 were mixed infection,with a detection rate of 3.75%.44 strains of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,36 strains of Norovirus nucleic acid,26 strains of Salmonella,11 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were detected.Shigella was not detected.Among the 30 strains of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and 26 strains of Salmonella,54 strains had different degrees of drug resistance,and some strains had multiple drug resistance. Conclusion From 2019 to 2020,the pathogens of foodborne diseases in Huainan City were mainly diarrhoea Escherichia coli and Norovirus,with mixed infection and multi drug resistant strains.