目的 利用2019年安徽省高血压和钠盐摄入监测基线调查数据,分析居民低钠盐知晓和使用率及其影响因素。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,选取18~69岁居民进行问卷调查和相关指标检测。通过问卷询问获得调查对象的人口学特征、吸烟、饮酒和身体活动等信息;通过身体测量获取BMI、腰围和血压值。使用复杂加权和事后分层权重的基于设计的方法分析不同特征居民的低钠盐知晓和使用率及其影响因素。结果 共纳入3 405人,居民低钠盐知晓和使用率分别为48.0%和22.1%。不同亚组居民的低钠盐知晓和使用率不同(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析发现,女性(OR=1.436,95%CI:1.045~1.973),高等教育者(OR=6.802,95%CI:4.516~10.244)和中学教育者(OR=4.751,95%CI:3.537~6.380),城镇居民(OR=2.580,95%CI:2.007~3.317)是居民低钠盐知晓高的积极影响因素,而现在吸烟者(OR=0.571,95%CI:0.410~0.794)则相反。高等教育者(OR=5.542,95%CI:3.496~8.786)和中学教育者(OR=3.658,95%CI:2.511~5.329),分居/离婚/丧偶者高于单身者(OR=3.874,95%CI:1.836~8.061),城镇居民(OR=2.366,95%CI:1.799~3.112)是低钠盐使用率高的积极影响因素。结论 安徽省居民低钠盐知晓率和使用率低,受性别、文化程度和城乡等因素影响。需要进行广泛而深入的减盐健康教育宣传,引导居民正确认识低钠盐,通过积极鼓励生产和营销低钠盐、实施低钠盐价格补贴等措施,提高低钠盐使用比例。

Objective Based on the monitoring baseline survey data of hypertension and sodium intake in Anhui Province in 2019,the prevalence and influence factors of awareness and utilization of low sodium salt among adult residents was analyzed. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select participants aged 18-69 to conduct a questionnaire survey and test related indicators.Information on the demographic characteristics,smoking,alcohol consumption and physical activity of the respondents was obtained by questionnaire.BMI,waist circumference and blood pressure values were obtained by body measurements.Design-based methods using complex weights and post-stratified weights were used to analyze the awareness and utilization rates of low sodium among residents with different characteristics and their influencing factors. Results In all,3 405 participants were included.The awareness and utilization rates of low sodium were 48.0% and 22.1%,respectively.The awareness and utilization rates of low sodium were different in subgroups (P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that women (OR=1.436,95%CI:1.045~1.973),higher education (OR=6.802,95%CI:4.516~10.244),middle school education (OR=4.751 95%CI:3.537-6.380) and urban residents (OR=2.580,95%CI:2.007-3.317) were the positive factors affecting the high awareness rate of low sodium salt,while current smokers (OR=0.571,95%CI:0.410~0.794 ) was the opposite.Higher education (OR=5.542,95%CI:3.496~8.786) and secondary education (OR=3.658,95%CI:2.511~5.329),separated/divorced/widowed were higher than single (OR=3.874,95%CI:1.836~8.061),and urban residents (OR=2.366,95%CI:1.799~3.112) were a positive factor for the high rate of low sodium use. Conclusions The prevalence of awareness and utilization of low sodium salt among residents in Anhui province were low,and influenced by factors such as gender,education level and urban and rural areas.Extensive and in-depth salt-reduction health education are needed to guide residents to correctly understand low sodium salt.Moreover,by actively encouraging production of low sodium salt and implementing price subsidies,the proportion of low sodium salt use will be increased.