目的 分析五河县近10年结核病的流行病学特征,了解结核病发病趋势,为做好结核病防控工作提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对2011—2020年五河县登记报告结核病资料进行分析,主要分析结核病流行强度、发病特点以及病例临床类型。结果 2011—2020年五河县登记报告结核病病例共计3 563例,其中实验室确诊病例,即病原学阳性病例1 485例;结核病发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ²_趋势=27.664,P<0.001)。每年3月份、4月份呈发病高峰;男女发病之比2.55:1, 45岁以上年龄组的病例,占65.84%;职业为农民的,占90.60%。结论 五河县结核病流行水平呈下降趋势,流行特点典型,防治工作重点在农村中老年男性人群,同时加强学校结核病防控工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis(TB) in Wuhe County in recent 10 years,understand the incidence trend of tuberculosis,and provide scientific basis for better prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the registered tuberculosis data in Wuhe County from 2011 to 2020,and the epidemic intensity,incidence characteristics and clinical types of tuberculosis were mainly analyzed. Results A total of 3 563 TB cases were reported in Wuhe County from 2011 to 2020,including 1 485 laboratory-confirmed cases.The incidence of tuberculosis decreased year by year (χ²_trend=27.664,P < 0.001 ).The incidence peaked in March and April each year ; the ratio of male to female was 2.55:1.Cases over 45 years old accounted for 65.84 %,farmers accounted for 90.60 %,and students accounted for 4.27 %. Conclusion The prevalence of tuberculosis in Wuhe County shows a downward trend with typical epidemic characteristics.The prevention and control work focuses on the middle-aged and elderly male population in rural areas,and the prevention and control work of tuberculosis in schools is strengthened.