目的 通过分析2021年合肥市某社区中小学生的健康体检资料,评估儿童青少年体质健康状况。方法 2021年9月份对合肥市某社区6所小学和1所初中的学生进行体格检查,共13 337名研究对象纳入本次调查。使用χ²检验比较不同性别中小学生常见病检出率,趋势χ²检验比较不同年龄中小学生常见病检出率。结果 合肥市某社区小学和初中阶段学生平均身高分别为(135.8±2.3) cm和(165.4±3.1) cm,平均体重分别为(32.4±4.4) kg和(57.2±5.7) kg,其中6~13岁中小学生的平均身高、体重随年龄增加而增加,14~15岁男女生体重随年龄增加而增加,女生身高变化不明显。调查对象的营养不良检出率为10.6%,随年龄增长而逐渐下降(χ²_趋势=53.255,P<0.001)。超重检出率为13.6%,随年龄增加呈上升趋势(χ²_趋势=193.127,P<0.001)。肥胖检出率13.9%,随年龄增长呈下降趋势((χ²_趋势=22.024,P<0.001)。视力不良检出率为48.7%,视力不良检出率随着年龄的增加呈上升趋势(χ²_趋势=761.895,P<0.001)。龋齿检出率为40.6%,随着年龄的增长呈下降趋势(χ²_趋势=379.863,P<0.001)。结论 合肥市某社区中小学生生长发育状况良好,但营养状况、视力不良和龋齿等问题仍然值得重视,相关部门应针对相关问题采取防控措施。

Objective To evaluate the physical health status of children and adolescents by analyzing the physical examination data of primary and secondary school students in a community in Hefei in 2021. Methods In September 2021,students from 6 primary schools and 1 junior high school in a community in Hefei were examined.A total of 13 337 subjects were included in this investigation.The χ² test was used to compare the detection rates of common diseases among primary and secondary school students of different genders.The χ² test for trend was used to compare the detection rates of common diseases among primary and secondary school students of different ages. Results The average height and weight of primary and middle school students in a community in Hefei were (135.8 ± 2.3) cm and (165.4 ± 3.1) cm,respectively,and the average weight were (32.4 ± 4.4) kg and (57.2 ± 5.7) kg,respectively.The average height and weight of primary and secondary school students aged 6-13 increased with age,while the weight of boys and girls aged 14-15 increased with age,while the height of girls did not change significantly.The prevalence of malnutrition among the respondents was 10.6%,which gradually decreased with age(χ²_trend=53.255,P<0.001).The detection rate of overweight was 13.6%,showing an upward trend with age(χ²_trend=193.127,P<0.001).The detection rate of obesity was 13.9%,showing a downward trend with age(χ²_trend=22.024,P<0.001).The detection rate of poor vision was 48.7%.The detection rate of poor vision increased with age(χ²_trend =761.895,P<0.001).The detection rate of dental caries was 40.6%,showing a downward trend with the increase of age(χ²_trend =379.863,P<0.001). Conclusion The growth and development of primary and secondary school students in a community in Hefei is good,but the nutritional status,poor eyesight,dental caries and other problems still deserve attention.Relevant departments should take preventive and control measures against relevant problems.