目的 分析2019—2021年黄山市围生儿出生缺陷变化趋势及相关因素。方法 根据2019—2021年黄山市17家医院上报的31 534名围生儿出生缺陷监测资料,分析围生儿出生缺陷发生水平。结果 2019—2021年共监测围生儿31 534人,上报出生缺陷儿683例,核实确认674例,全孕周出生缺陷发生率213.73/万(674/31 534),围生儿出生缺陷发生率143.65/万(453/31 534),并呈逐年上升趋势(χ2趋势=5.137,P= 0.023)。围生儿出生缺陷发生率城市高于农村(χ2=24.096,P＜0.001)、不同年龄产妇出生缺陷发生率有差异(χ2=7.698,P=0.006)。全孕周出生缺陷中35岁以上的高龄组染色体异常缺陷儿是适龄组的3.286(95％CI:1.802~6.024)倍。全孕周出生缺陷顺位前五分别是:先天性心脏病、外耳其他畸形、多指(趾)、染色体异常、总唇裂。先天性心脏病位居全孕周出生缺陷顺位首位,＜28周出生缺陷顺位中染色体异常居首位。结论 黄山市围生儿出生缺陷发生率呈上升趋势。提高产前筛查和产前诊断率,增强胎儿心脏超声的诊断水平,全面做好出生缺陷综合防治工作,减少出生缺陷儿的发生。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the trend and related factors of perinatal birth defects in Huangshan City from 2019 to 2021. Methods According to the monitoring data of perinatal birth defects reported by 17 hospitals in Huangshan City from 2019 to 2021,the level of perinatal birth defects was analyzed. Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 31 534 perinatal infants were monitored,683 cases of birth defects were reported,and 674 cases were verified and confirmed.The incidence of birth defects in the whole pregnancy week was 21 373/10 000 (674/31 534),and the incidence of birth defects in perinatal infants was 14 365/10 000 (453/31 534),with an increasing trend year by year (χ2trend =5.137,P=0.023).The incidence of perinatal birth defects in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas (χ2=24.096,P<0.001).The incidence of birth defects at different maternal ages was different (χ2=7.698,P=0.006).Among the birth defects in the whole gestational week,the chromosomal abnormalities of the children over 35 years old in the elderly group were 3.286 (95％CI:1.802-6.024) times higher than those in the age group.The first five birth defects in the whole pregnancy are congenital heart disease,other malformations of the outer ear,multiple digits,chromosome abnormality and total cleft lip.Congenital heart disease ranked first in the birth defect sequence of the whole pregnancy week,and chromosome abnormality ranked first in the birth defect sequence of <28 weeks. Conclusion The incidence of perinatal birth defects in Huangshan is increasing.We should improve the rate of prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis,enhance the diagnostic level of fetal cardiac ultrasound,strengthen comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects,and reduce the incidence of birth defects.
关键词
出生缺陷 /
围生儿 /
监测 /
产前筛查 /
妇幼保健
Key words
Birth defects /
Perinatal /
Monitoring /
Prenatal screening /
Maternal and Child Health Care
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