目的 了解2019—2021年安庆市8～10岁儿童和孕妇的碘营养健康状况,评价碘缺乏病防治效果。方法 根据《安徽省碘缺乏病监测方案(2019年版)》,抽取安庆市所辖10个县区中8～10岁学龄儿童6 000人和孕妇3 000人,对居民家庭食用碘盐进行盐碘含量测定,检测学生和孕妇尿碘含量,B超检查学生甲状腺容积。结果 2019—2021年安庆市居民家庭盐碘均值为25.42 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率分别为99.53％、96.29％和95.84％。8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数为242.10 μg/L,≥200 μg/L有3 939人,占65.65％。孕妇尿碘中位数为162.68 μg/L,＜150 μg/L有1 356人,占45.20 ％;≥250 μg/L有738人,占24.60％。儿童甲状腺肿大率为0.68％。结论 2019—2021年安庆市8~10岁儿童和孕妇碘营养状况良好,但儿童尿碘含量高于适宜水平。孕妇尿碘含量处于适宜水平,但呈逐年下降的趋势,有一定比例的孕妇存在碘缺乏风险。

Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition and health status of children and pregnant women age 8-10 in Anqing from 2019 to 2021,and to provide a scientific and effective basis for the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders. Methods In accordance with the Iodine Deficiency Disorders Surveillance Program in Anhui Province (2019 Edition),6 000 children aged 8-10 and 3 000 pregnant women were selected from 10 counties and districts of Anqing City for salt iodine content,urine iodine content detection and thyroid ultrasound monitoring of students. Results From 2019 to 2021,the average salt iodine of household in Anqing was 25.42 mg/kg,and the coverage rate and qualification rate of iodized salt,and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were 99.53％,96.29％ and 95.84％,respectively.The median urinary iodine of children at the age of 8-10 was 242.10 μg/L,and there were 3 939 students whose urinary iodine was ≥ 200 μg/L,accounting for 65.65％.The median urinary iodine of pregnant women was 162.68 μg/L.The urinary iodine of 1 356 pregnant women was ＜150 μg/L,accounting for 45.20％.There were 738 pregnant women whose urinary iodine was ≥250 μg/L,accounting for 24.60％.The incidence of goiter in children was 0.68％. Conclusion From 2019 to 2021,children and pregnant women aged 8 to 10 in Anqing were in good iodine nutrition status,but the urine iodine content of children was higher than the appropriate level.The urine iodine content of pregnant women was at an appropriate level,but it was decreasing year by year.A certain proportion of pregnant women were at risk of iodine deficiency.