目的 分析安徽省国家淮河项目地区胃癌死亡特征及其变化趋势,为安徽省淮河流域乃至全省胃癌防治工作效果评估提供参考。方法 利用2009—2021年安徽省国家淮河项目地区常住人口及死因监测资料分析胃癌死亡率、中国2010年标准人口标化率及Segi’s世界标准人口标化率、死因构成等指标及平均年度变化百分比。结果 2009—2021年安徽省淮河项目地区胃癌年均粗死亡率为20.47/10万,中国人口标化死亡率为18.06/10万,世界人口标化死亡率为13.54/10万,是居民恶性肿瘤死亡第3位死因(占14.49%),其中约40.29%为早死。胃癌死亡多发生在45岁之后,男性死亡率高于女性。2009—2021年胃癌死亡率、中国人口标化死亡率、世界人口标化死亡率及死因构成、早死构成均呈下降趋势(P<0.001),2009—2021年期间45岁以上人群胃癌死亡率随年龄上升,幅度收窄。结论 安徽省国家淮河项目地区胃癌防治工作在避免早死、降低高年龄人群死亡方面取得了一定成效,胃癌仍是需重点关注的癌种,今后需继续加强防癌知识科普宣教、全面推进全民健康生活方式行动、减少危险因素暴露、提高早筛、早诊及早治率,避免早死和减少早死导致的疾病负担。

Objective To analyze the death characteristics and changing trends of stomach neoplasms in National Huaihe river project area of Anhui Province,and to provide a reference for the evaluation of the effectiveness of stomach neoplasms prevention and control work in the Huaihe River Basin and even the whole Province. Methods Based on the demography data and the data of death cause surveillance in the National Huaihe river project area of Anhui Province from 2009 to 2021,mortality rate (MR),age-standardized rate adjusted by the Chinese population in 2010 (ASRC),the world Segi’s standard population (ASRW) standardization rate,cause of death composition,and average annual percentage changes (APC) of stomach neoplasms were analyzed. Results From 2009 to 2021,the average annual crude MR of stomach neoplasms in the National Huaihe river project area in Anhui Province was 20.47/100 000,with an ASRC of 18.06/100 000 and an ASRW of 13.54/100 000.It was the third leading cause of death among residents due to malignant tumors (14.49%),of which about 40.29% were premature deaths.Most deaths from gastric cancer occurred after the age of 45,and the mortality rate was higher in male than that in female.The MR,ASRC,ASRW,cause of death composition,and early death composition of stomach neoplasms were all showed a downward trend (P<0.001) from 2009 to 2021.The increase in stomach neoplasms mortality rate with age among the population aged 45 years slowed down from 2009 to 2021. Conclusion The prevention and control of stomach neoplasms in National Huaihe River project area of Anhui Province has achieved certain results in avoiding premature death and reducing mortality in the elderly group.However,stomach neoplasms still need to be given special attention.In the future,it is necessary to continue to strengthen the popularization and education of cancer prevention knowledge,comprehensively promote the action of healthy lifestyle for the whole population,reduce exposure to risk factors,increase the rate of early screening,diagnosis,and treatment,in order to avoid premature death and reduce the burden of diseases caused by premature death.