目的 了解2020—2022年黄山市流感病毒核酸检测和病毒分离情况,为流感防控和提高流感病毒分离阳性率提供科学依据。方法 收集2020—2022年黄山市流感样病例标本,采用实时荧光定量 RT-PCR法检测流感病毒核酸。用狗肾传代细胞(MDCK细胞)对流感病毒核酸阳性标本进行分离,并采用红细胞凝集(HA)和红细胞凝集抑制(HI)试验进行鉴定和分型鉴定。结果 2020—2022年黄山市共检测流感样病例咽拭子标本3 417份,流感病毒核酸阳性402份,检出率为11.76%。2020—2022年流感病毒核酸阳性检出率分别为7.10%、4.59%和21.52%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=193.563,P<0.001)。B-Victoria型和H3型为优势型别。6~15岁组流感病毒核酸阳性检出率最高,为17.05%(75/440)。297份流感病毒核酸阳性标本中成功分离188株流感病毒,病毒分离阳性率为63.30%。B-Victoria型和H3型流感病毒一代和二代的分离阳性率分别为27.95%、63.30%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=74.816,P＜0.001)。结论 B-Victoria型和H3型为2020—2022年黄山市流感流行优势型别,6~15岁组流感病毒核酸阳性检出率最高。传二代可以提高流感病毒分离阳性率。
Abstract
Objective To understand the situation of nucleic acid detection and isolation of influenza virus in Huangshan City from 2020 to 2022,so as to provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and improve the positive rate of influenza virus isolation. Methods Influenza-like cases were collected from 2020 to 2022 in Huangshan City.Real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect influenza virus nucleic acid.The positive nucleic acid samples of influenza virus were isolated by Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK cells).The hemagglutination (HA) and hemagglutination inhibiion (HI) tests were used for identification and typing. Results A total of 3 417 throat swab samples of influenza-like cases were detected in Huangshan City from 2020 to 2022,and 402 positive nucleic acid specimens were detected,with a detection rate of 11.76%.The positive detection rates of influenza virus nucleic acid from 2020 to 2022 were 7.10%,4.59% and 21.52%,respectively,with statistical significance (χ2=193.563,P<0.001).B-Victoria and H3 were dominant types.The positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid was the highest in the age group of 6-15 years,which was 17.05% (75/440).Among 297 influenza virus nucleic acid positive samples,188 strains of influenza virus were successfully isolated,and the positive rate of virus isolation was 63.30%.The isolation positive rates of B-Victoria and H3 influenza viruses in the first and second generations were 27.95% and 63.30%,respectively,with significant difference (χ2=74.816,P< 0.001). Conclusion B-Victoria and H3 are the dominant types of influenza in Huangshan City from 2020 to 2022.The highest positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid is in the age group of 6-15 years.The positive rate of influenza virus isolation can be greatly improved by passing two generations.
关键词
流感病毒 /
核酸检测 /
病毒分离
Key words
Influenza virus /
Nucleic acid testing /
Virus isolation
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