目的 分析安徽省2018—2022年新诊断来源于医疗机构的艾滋病感染者和艾滋病病人(HIV/AIDS)晚发现情况及其影响因素。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统中的艾滋病综合防治信息系统,选取2018—2022年新诊断来源于医疗机构的安徽省HIV/AIDS进行分析,共6 747例。将选取的HIV/AIDS病例分为HIV感染晚发现和非晚发现,采用logistic回归方法分析晚发现影响因素。结果 6 747例来源于医疗机构的新诊断HIV/AIDS病例年龄为(47.67±16.87)岁,晚发现者占43.38%(2 927例),2018—2022年晚发现比例依次为44.61%(571/1 280)、45.70%(638/1 396)、44.93%(580/1 291)、41.80%(612/1 464)、39.97%(526/1 316)。与0~19岁年龄组相比,20~39、40~59及≥60岁年龄组晚发现风险较高(OR=3.212,95%CI:2.098~4.920;OR=3.946,95%CI:2.536~6.137;OR=3.589,95%CI:2.281~5.649);其他就诊者和术前检测晚发现风险高于性病门诊(OR=2.042,95%CI:1.670~2.496;OR=1.483,95%CI:1.197~1.838);男性晚发现风险高于女性(OR=1.446,95%CI:1.245~1.680);与大专及以上文化程度者相比,文化程度为小学及以下、初中和高中者晚发现风险较高(OR=1.353,95%CI:1.109~1.651;OR=1.378,95%CI:1.150~1.651;OR=1.277,95%CI:1.047~1.559)。结论 安徽省新诊断来源于医疗机构的HIV/AIDS晚发现比例呈下降趋势,但整体比例仍较高,晚发现主要与中高年龄组、其他就诊者、男性、低文化程度有关。医疗机构需加强主动开展和提供HIV检测咨询,扩大重点科室和住院病人的检测范围,加强医务人员专业培训,提高宣传教育的针对性和有效性。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the current situation and influential factors of late diagnosis of newly identified HIV/AIDS cases from medical institutions in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2022. Methods The database information of the newly identified HIV/AIDS cases from medical institutions in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2022 was obtained from the National AIDS Comprehensive Information System of China information system for disease control and prevention.6 747 cases were divided into two groups:late diagnosis and non-late diagnosis.The logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influential factors of late diagnosis. Results A total of 6 747 newly identified HIV/AIDS cases from medical institutions were analyzed,and the mean age was (47.67±16.87) years.The proportion of late diagnosis was 43.38%(2 927/6 747);Moreover,the proportions of late diagnosis from 2018 to 2022 were 44.61%(571/1 280),45.70%(638/1 396),44.93%(580/1 291),41.80%(612/1 464)and 39.97%(526/1 316),respectively.Compared with the age 0 to 19 group,the groups of age 20 to 39,age 40 to 59,and age≥60 had a higher risk of late diagnosis (OR=3.212,95%CI:2.098-4.920;OR=3.946,95%CI:2.536-6.137;OR=3.589,95%CI:2.281-5.649).Compared with STD clinic,other patients testing services and preoperative examination group had a higher risk of late diagnosis (OR=2.042,95%CI:1.670-2.496;OR=1.483,95%CI:1.197-1.838).The male cases had a higher risk of late diagnosis (OR=1.446,95%CI:1.245-1.680) than that of the female cases.Compared with the high education group,the primary school or below education group,junior high school group,and senior high school group had a higher risk of late diagnosis (OR=1.353,95%CI:1.109-1.651;OR=1.378,95%CI:1.150-1.651;OR=1.277,95%CI:1.047-1.559). Conclusion The proportion of late diagnosis among newly identified HIV/AIDS cases in medical institutions in Anhui Province showed a decreasing trend,but the overall proportion is still relatively high.The main reason for late diagnosis are related to the middle-aged and elderly individuals,other testing services,male patients,and patients with lower education level.Thus,medical institutions need to provide HIV testing and consultation,expand the testing scope of key departments and inpatients,strengthen the professional training of medical personnel in medical institutions,and improve the pertinence and effectiveness of publicity knowledge.
关键词
艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病病人 /
医疗机构 /
晚发现 /
影响因素
Key words
HIV/AIDS /
Medical institution /
Late diagnosis /
Influential factors
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基金
2022年度安徽省卫生健康科研项目(AHWJ2022b057)
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