目的 分析盐城市盐都区5岁以下儿童死因情况,为制定儿童保健应对策略和措施提供依据。方法 从江苏省慢性病管理信息平台获取盐都区5岁以下儿童死亡数据,计算各年度死亡率、主要死因构成等。结果 2017—2022年盐都区5岁以下儿童的死亡率分别为8.41‰、9.13‰、6.00‰、7.08‰、3.68‰和5.25‰,平均为6.81‰,呈现下降趋势(χ²_趋势=6.265,P=0.012)。123例5岁以下死亡儿童中,男性72例(占58.54%),女性51例(占41.46%),差异无统计学意义(χ²=2.753,P=0.097)。0～＜1岁(婴儿)的前3位死亡原因分别是出生窒息(17.89%)、早产和低出生体重(8.13%)、先天性心脏病(6.50%),1～＜5岁儿童首位死亡原因前2位分别是溺水(占11.38%)、高空坠落(7.32%)。儿童死亡地点以医疗机构为主(占41.46%),医疗机构中以省(市)级为主(占81.30%)。结论 盐城市盐都区5岁以下儿童死亡率呈下降趋势,需要采取有效的干预措施保障儿童生命健康和生存质量。

Objective To analyze the cause of death of children under 5 years old in Yandu District,Yancheng City,so as to provide a basis for formulating response strategies and measures for children's health care. Methods The death data of children under 5 years old were obtained from the chronic disease management information platform of Jiangsu Province.The annual mortality rate and the composition of major causes of death were calculated. Results During the period of 2017 to 2022,the mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Yandu District was 8.41‰,9.13‰,6.00‰,7.08‰,3.68‰ and 5.25‰,respectively,with an average of 6.81‰.The mortality showed a downward trend (χ²_trend =6.265,P=0.012).Among the 123 children who died under 5 years old,72 (58.54%) were male and 51 (41.46%) were female.No differences were found between male and female (χ²=2.753,P=0.097).The top three main causes of death in children aged 0 to ＜1 years (infants) were birth asphyxia (17.89%),preterm low birth weight (8.13%),and congenital heart disease (6.50%).The top two causes of death in children aged 1 to ＜5 years were drowning (11.38%) and falling from high altitude (7.32%),respectively.The main place of death for children was medical institutions (41.46%),and those medical institutions were mainly at the provincial (municipal) level (81.30%). Conclusion The mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Yandu District, Yancheng City is showing a downward trend, and effective intervention measures need to be taken to ensure the health and quality of life of children.