目的 通过对江西省弋阳县首例人感染H5N6禽流感病例进行流行病学调查和分析,探讨感染风险,为人感染H5N6禽流感的溯源、监测和防控提供参考依据。方法 调查病例临床诊疗、流行病学史、密切接触者,对可疑禽类及场所外环境进行采样检测,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析,追溯可能的感染来源。结果 江西省弋阳县首例人感染H5N6禽流感患者,肺泡灌洗液标本检出H5N6禽流感病毒核酸,有当地A市场宰杀后禽类接触暴露史,且在A市场活禽中监测到4份H5N6禽流感病毒,为本地市场禽类感染;医学观察密切接触者26人未发现异常;该病例早期未明确诊断且缺乏针对性抗流感病毒治疗,病例病情进展快,最后因呼吸衰竭死亡。结论 本次江西省弋阳县人感染H5N6禽流感病例存在较明确的禽类暴露史,为散发个案。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and related risks of the first case of human infection with H5N6 avian influenza in Yiyang County,Jiangxi Province,and provide a reference basis for tracing,monitoring,and prevention of human infection with H5N6 avian influenza. Methods Investigate the clinical diagnosis and treatment,epidemiological history,and close contacts of cases,sample and test suspicious birds and the external environments of the premises,use descriptive epidemiological methods for analysis and trace the possible sources of infection. Results The first case of human infection with H5N6 avian influenza in Yiyang County,Jiangxi Province,tested positive for H5N6 avian influenza virus nucleic acid in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples.There was a history of exposure to the poultry slaughtered in the local A market,and four cases of H5N6 avian influenza virus were detected in live poultry in the A market,indicating local market avian infection.No abnormalities were found in 26 close contacts under medical observation.The early diagnosis was not clear and there was a lack of targeted anti-influenza virus treatment.The case progressed rapidly and she eventually died due to respiratory failure. Conclusion There was a clear history of exposure to H5N6 avian influenza in this case of human infection in Yiyang County,Jiangxi Province,and it was a sporadic case.