目的 基于微信小程序建立学生症状监测系统,探讨基层学校传染病预警的可行性。方法 依托某县“智慧疾控”信息化建设,建立以手机为信息收集端的学生症状监测系统,以发热、咳嗽、咽痛、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、皮疹、疱疹、腮腺肿、乏力、头痛、肌痛为监测指标,采用班级聚集性检索方式对症状数据进行阈值短信预警。结果 2023年2月—6月,系统共注册县、乡、村三级医疗机构用户360个,医疗机构系统使用率100%;注册学校用户31个,学校系统使用率49.97%。累计上报13类监测症状信息共11 802条,以发热( 61.07%) 、咳嗽( 15.67%) 、咽痛(7.65%)症状为主,不同症状时间变化趋势相同,高峰为3月份。系统共发出预警信号180条,7条预警信息经调查确认为聚集性疫情。结论 学生症状监测系统在基层适用性广泛,监测数据对早期发现学校传染病异常情况发挥良好作用。

Objective Based on the student symptom monitoring system established by WeChat applet,the feasibility of early warning of infectious diseases in primary schools was discussed. Methods Based on the information construction of “intelligent disease control” in a county,a symptom monitoring system for students with mobile phone as the information collection terminal was established.Fever,cough,sore throat,nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain,diarrhea,rash,herpes,parotid gland swelling,fatigue,headache and myalgia were used as monitoring indicators,and threshold SMS warning was carried out on symptom data by means of class clustering retrieval. Results From February to June in 2023,a total of 360 medical institutions at the county,township and village levels were registered in the system.The system utilization rate of medical institutions was 100 %.There were 31 registered schools,and the utilization rate of the school system was 49.97 %.A total of 11 802 monitoring symptom information of 13 categories were reported,with fever (61.07 %),cough (15.67 % ) and sore throat (7.65 % ) as the main symptoms.The time trend of different symptoms was the same,with a peak in March.A total of 180 warning signals were issued by the system,of which 7 were investigated and confirmed as clustered outbreaks. Conclusion The student symptom monitoring system has a wide range of applicability at the grassroots level,and the monitoring data plays a good role in early detection of abnormal infectious diseases in schools.