目的 探索厦门市人群乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染状况及其影响因素,为制定预防控制措施提供参考。方法 采用多阶段分层抽样方法,2021年在厦门市2个区6个居委会(村)抽取15个年龄组489名调查对象,对其开展问卷调查并采血检测HBV感染5项指标,计算HBV感染率等指标,采用logistic回归分析HBV感染的影响因素。结果 共调查489人,性别分布以女性为主,265人,占54.19%;年龄以0~5岁为主,190人,占38.85%;婚姻状况以未婚为主,365人,占74.64%;职业以学生为主,147人,占30.06%;接种乙肝疫苗以≥3剂次为主,388人,占79.35%。489名调查对象中,115名为HBV感染者,HBV感染率为23.52%,标化率为40.37%。logistic回归分析结果显示,农民(OR=7.301,95%CI:1.018~52.342)、6~10岁(OR =10.859,95%CI: 1.012~116.578)、11~20岁(OR=9.583,95%CI: 1.138~80.682)、21~50岁(OR =7.214,95%CI: 1.016~51.213 )和≥51岁(OR =11.752,95%CI: 2.342~ 58.973)是HBV感染的危险因素;接种乙肝疫苗≥3剂次(OR=0.137,95%CI:0.021~0.892)是HBV感染的保护因素。结论 厦门市乙型肝炎防控工作取得了一定成效,但仍有提升的空间。
Abstract
Objective To explore hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status and its influencing factors among people in Xiamen City,and provide guidance for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was applied to select 489 participants in 15 age groups from 6 neighborhood committees (villages) in 2 districts of Xiamen City in 2021.A questionnaire survey was conducted and blood samples were collected to test for 5 indicators of HBV infection.The HBV infection rate and other indicators were calculated,and logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of HBV infection. Results A total of 489 participants were investigated,and 265 of them were female,accounting for 54.19%;age range was mainly 0-5,with 190 participants,accounting for 38.85%;the marital status was mainly unmarried,with 365 participants,accounting for 74.64%;the main occupation was students,with 147 participants,accounting for 30.06%;388 participants (79.35%) received ≥ 3 doses of hepatitis B vaccine.Among 489 survey subjects,115 were HBV infected,with an HBV infection rate of 23.52% and a standardized rate of 40.37%.The logistic regression analysis results showed that farmers (OR=7.301,95%CI:1.018-52.342),6-10 years old (OR=10.859,95%CI:1.012-116.578),11-20 years old (OR=9.583,95%CI:1.138-80.682),21-50 years old (OR=7.214,95% CI: 1.016-51.213),and ≥ 51 years old (OR=11.752,95%CI:2.342-58.973) were risk factors for HBV infection;≥ 3 doses hepatitis B vaccine (OR=0.137,95%CI:0.021-0.892) was the protective factor of HBV infection. Conclusions The hepatitis B prevention and control efforts in Xiamen City have shown certain effectiveness,but there is still room for improvement.
关键词
人群 /
HBV感染 /
影响因素
Key words
Population /
Hepatitis B virus infection /
Influencing factors
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基金
福建省卫生健康科研人才培养项目(2019-ZQNB-36);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20194098)
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