目的 分析2008—2022年贵州省息烽县流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集息烽县2008—2022年流行性腮腺炎病例资料,采用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析。结果 息烽县2008—2022年流行性腮腺炎年均发病率为21.27/10万,呈下降趋势(χ²_趋势=357.005 ,P＜0.001)。时间分布呈规律的双峰型分布,第1个高峰在春末夏初(5—7月),第2个高峰在冬季(12月至次年1月)。地区分布中,永靖镇、小寨坝镇、青山乡年均发病率居前3位,分别为45.36/10万、26.03/10万和17.73/10万。性别分布中,男性年均发病率(25.84/10万)高于女性(16.30/10万)(χ²=36.538,P＜0.001)。年龄分布以5~9岁为主,占52.54%。职业分布以学生和幼托儿童为主,分别占51.99%和24.21%。结论 息烽县流行性腮腺炎发病率呈现下降趋势,学校和托幼机构是防控的重点场所。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Xifeng County,Guizhou Province from 2008 to 2022,providing a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Data on mumps cases in Xifeng County from 2008 to 2022 were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 22.0. Results From 2008 to 2022,the annual average incidence rate of mumps in Xifeng County was 21.27/100 000,showing a downward trend (χ²_trend=357.005,P<0.001).The time distribution showed a regular bimodal distribution,with the first peak in late spring and early summer (May to July),and the second peak in winter (December to next January).In the regional distribution,Yongjing Town,Xiaozhaiba Town,and Qingshan Township had the top three annual average incidence rates of 45.36/100 000,26.03/100 000,and 17.73/100 000,respectively.In the gender distribution,the average annual incidence rate of men (25.84/100 000) was higher than that of women (16.30/100 000) (χ²=36.538,P<0.001).The occupational distribution was mainly among students and preschool children,accounting for 51.99% and 24.21%,respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of mumps in Xifeng County shows a downward trend,and schools and kindergartens are the key places for prevention and control.