目的 了解亳州市中小学生超重和肥胖的流行现状,探讨其影响因素。方法 采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,选取2022年亳州市6 729名中小学生作为研究对象,对其进行问卷调查和体格检查,使用χ²检验和多因素logistic回归对数据进行分析。结果 亳州市共调查6 729名中小学生,超重率为17.7%,肥胖率为16.8%。男生超重和肥胖检出率(均为23.40%)均高于女生(14.9%和13.0%)(χ${ }_{超重}^{2}$=33.610,P<0.001;χ${ }_{肥胖}^{2}$=63.373,P<0.001)。城区学生肥胖检出率(23.4%)高于郊县学生(14.5%)(χ²=72.115,P<0.001)。非住校学生肥胖检出率(18.1%)高于住校学生(12.0%)(χ²=30.194,P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男生(OR=1.451,95%CI:1.278~1.648)、高中(OR=1.247,95%CI:1.054~1.476)、1周内吃过油炸食物(OR=1.170,95%CI:1.002~1.365)是超重的危险因素,男生(OR=1.714,95%CI:1.500~1.959)、城区(OR=1.920,95%CI:1.670~2.207)、非住校(OR=1.501,95%CI:1.209~1.864)是肥胖的危险因素。结论 亳州市中小学生超重和肥胖检出率较高,男生、高中学生和1周内吃过油炸食物的学生是超重的高危人群,男生、城区学生、非住校生为肥胖的高危人群。

Objective This study aims to understand the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Bozhou City and explore its influencing factors. Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 6 729 primary and secondary school students in Bozhou City in 2022 as the research subjects.A questionnaire survey and physical examination were conducted on them,and the data were analyzed using the χ² test and multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 6 729 primary and secondary school students were surveyed in Bozhou City,with an overweight rate of 17.7% and an obesity rate of 16.8%.The detection rates of overweight and obesity in boys (both 23.4%) were higher than those in girls (14.9%,13.0%) (χ ${ }_{overweight}^{2}$=33.610, P<0.001;χ ${ }_{obesity}^{2}$=63.373,P<0.001). The detection rate of obesity in urban students (23.4%) was higher than that in suburban students (14.5%) (χ²=72.115, P<0.001). The detection rate of obesity in non-residential students(18.1%) was higher than that in residential students(12.0%)(χ²=30.194, P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that boys (OR=1.451, 95%CI:1.278-1.648),high school (OR=1.247, 95%CI:1.054-1.476), eaten fried food within a week (OR=1.170, 95%CI:1.002-1.365) were the risk factors for overweight.Boys (OR=1.714, 95%CI:1.500-1.959), urban area(OR=1.920, 95%CI:1.670-2.207), non-residential students (OR=1.501, 95%CI:1.209-1.864) were the risk factors for obesity. Conclusion The detection rate of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Bozhou City is relatively high.Male students,high school students,and students who have eaten fried food within one week are in high-risk groups for being overweigh,while male students,urban students,and non-residential students are high-risk groups for obesity.