目的 了解沂水县发热伴血小板减少综合征(SFTS)流行病学特征,探讨影响其发病的危险因素,为科学防控SFTS提供依据。方法 收集沂水县2011—2023年报告的SFTS病例资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析其地区分布、时间分布和人群分布情况。结果 沂水县2011—2023年共报告50例SFTS病例,发病率为0.71/10万,死亡2例,病死率为4.00%。SFTS病例主要集中在沂水县北部山区、丘陵地带;5—10月为发病高峰,报告病例占98.00%;年龄以50~79岁为主,占88.00%;职业分布以农民为主,占90.00%。SFTS病例从发病距离首次就诊的平均间隔时间为2.36 d,首诊选择在县级及以上医疗机构占60.00%,首发症状以发热多见,占98.00%,76.00%的病例居住在丘陵或山区。结论 沂水县SFTS病例为散发,有明显的地域性和季节性,双峰分布,农村老年人发病率较高,应采取针对性防控措施降低SFTS的发病率。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Yishui County,and explore the risk factors affecting its onset,and provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of SFTS. Methods Collect data on SFTS cases reported in Yishui County from 2011 to 2023,and use descriptive epidemiological methods to analyze their regional distribution,temperal distribution,and population distribution. Results A total of 50 cases of SFTS were reported in Yishui County from 2011 to 2023,with an incidence rate of 0.71/100 000,2 deaths cases were reported and the fatality rate was 4.00%.SFTS cases were mainly located in the northern mountainous and hilly areas of Yishui County.The peak incidence period was from May to October,with reported cases accounting for 98.00%.The age range was mainly between 50 and 79 years old,accounting for 88.00%.The occupational distribution was mainly among farmers,accounting for 90.00%.The average interval between the onset of SFTS cases and their first visit was 2.36 days.60.00% of the patients choose medical institutions at the county level or above for their first visit.Fever was more common as the first symptom,accounting for 98.00%.76.00% of the cases lived in hilly or mountainous areas. Conclusion The cases of SFTS in Yishui County are sporadic,with obvious regional and seasonal characteristics and bimodal distribution.The incidence rate of SFTS in the rural elderly is high.Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence rate of SFTS.