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安徽省2个碘缺乏地区成人及孕妇甲状腺功能状况调查
刘子健, 虞晨, 田翠翠, 吕晓凤, 陆雪纯, 许娴, 李卫东
安徽预防医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2) : 128-131.
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安徽省2个碘缺乏地区成人及孕妇甲状腺功能状况调查
Investigation on the current status of thyroid function in adults and pregnant women in two areas with iodine deficiency of Anhui Province
目的 了解安徽省长丰县和桐城市2个碘缺乏地区成人及孕妇甲状腺功能的现况,为当地预防甲状腺疾病的发生提供参考资料。方法 采用单纯随机抽样方法抽取纳入符合标准的对象,进行问卷调查、甲状腺超声检查和甲状腺功能及抗体实验室检测等,对其甲状腺功能异常情况进行统计分析。结果 共纳入595名成人,甲状腺功能异常检出率为22.2%(132/595),男性为3.9%(23/595),女性为18.3%(109/595),差异有统计学意义(χ2=39.002,P<0.001)。成年男性亚甲减、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)阳性和甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)阳性检出率分别为4.5%(11/244)、4.1%(10/244)、0%,女性亚甲减、TPOAb阳性和TGAb阳性检出率分别为9.7%(34/351)、12.0%(42/351)、8.0%(28/351),男女性别间差异均有统计学意义(χ2=5.521,P=0.026;χ2=11.171,P<0.001;χ2=20.426,P<0.001)。纳入335名孕妇,孕早中晚期甲状腺功能异常检出率分别为27.4%(26/95)、14.4%(22/153)和9.2%(8/87),合计16.7%(56/335)。各孕期亚临床甲亢检出率分别为6.3%(6/95)、0%、0%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=15.434,P<0.001);各孕期亚临床甲减检出率分别为9.5%(9/95)、4.6%(7/153)、0%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.987,P=0.006)。结论 安徽省2个碘缺乏地区成年女性甲状腺异常检出率高于男性,孕早中期更容易出现亚临床甲状腺功能异常,应加强女性、特别是孕期甲状腺功能筛查和干预。
Objective To understand the current status of thyroid function among adults and pregnant women in two iodine-deficient areas,Changfeng County and Tongcheng City,Anhui Province,and provide reference for the local prevention of thyroid diseases. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to select subjects who met the inclusion criteria.The questionnaire surveys,thyroid ultrasound examinations,and laboratory tests for thyroid function and antibodies were conducted.The thyroid function abnormalities were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 595 adults were included.The detection rate of thyroid dysfunction was 22.2% (132/595),with 3.9% (23/595) in males and 18.3% (109/595) in females,the difference was statistically significant (χ2=39.002,P<0.001).The detection rates of subclinical hypothyroidism,positive thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb),and positive thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) in adult males were 4.5%(11/244),4.1% (10/244) and 0%,respectively.In adult females,the corresponding detection rates were 9.7% (34/351),12.0% (42/351) and 8.0% (28/351),respectively.The differences were all statistically significant (χ2=5.521,P=0.026;χ2=11.171,P<0.001;χ2=20.426,P<0.001).A total of 335 pregnant women were included.The detection rates of thyroid dysfunction in the first,second and third trimester were 27.4% (26/95),14.4% (22/153) and 9.2% (8/87),respectively,with a combined rate of 16.7% (56/335).The detection rates of subclinical hyperthyroidism in each trimester were 6.3% (6/95),0% and 0%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=15.434,P<0.001).The detection rates of subclinical hypothyroidism in each trimester were 9.5% (9/95),4.6% (7/153) and 0%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.987,P=0.006). Conclusion The detection rate of thyroid dysfunction is higher in adult females than in males in two iodine-deficient areas of Anhui Province.The subclinical thyroid dysfunction is more likely to occur in the early and middle stages of pregnancy.Thyroid function screening and intervention during pregnancy should be strengthened.
Areas with iodine deficiency / Thyroid function / Adult / Pregnant woman
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