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安徽省2021—2023年食源性疾病病例诺如病毒监测结果分析
樊勇, 张竹慧, 李珊珊, 徐粒子, 孟灿, 王志强, 李卫东
安徽预防医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3) : 187-190.
PDF(1154 KB)
PDF(1154 KB)
安徽省2021—2023年食源性疾病病例诺如病毒监测结果分析
Analysis of norovirus surveillance results for patients with foodborne diseases in Anhui Province from 2021 to 2023
目的 分析2021—2023年安徽省食源性疾病病例诺如病毒监测结果,为诺如病毒感染导致的食源性疾病预防及健康教育提供依据。方法 收集安徽省食源性疾病监测系统中主动监测医院在2021年1月1日至2023年12月31日上报被采集标本的病例信息,计算诺如病毒阳性率,采用SPSSPRO进行统计学分析。结果 共报告9 903例食源性疾病病例,诺如病毒阳性1 131例,阳性率为11.42%,其中GⅠ型、GⅡ型和未分型诺如病毒分别占诺如病毒阳性病例的13.79%、66.05%和20.16%。2021—2023年诺如病毒阳性率分别为8.81%(280/3 179)、8.08%(259/3 204)和16.82%(592/3 520),差异有统计学意义(
Objective To analyze the monitoring results of norovirus infection in foodborne patients in Anhui Province from 2021 to 2023,and provide evidence for the prevention and health education of foodborne diseases caused by norovirus infection. Methods The case information of the patients whose specimens were collected and reported by the active monitoring hospitals in the foodborne disease surveillance system of Anhui Province from January 2021 to December 2023.Norovirus-positive rates for foodborne illness cases were calculated and SPSSPRO was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 9 903 cases of foodborne diseases were reported,of which 1 131 were positive,and the norovirus positive rate was 11.42%.G Ⅰ,G Ⅱ,and uncategorized norovirus accounted for 13.79%,66.05%,and 20.16% of norovirus positive cases,respectively.From 2021 to 2023,there was a statistically significant difference (
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With the improvements of sanitation and nationwide safe water supply the occurrence of bacterial diarrhea declined remarkably, while viruses became the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Of these viruses, noroviruses (NoVs) are responsible for a considerable burden of gastroenteritis, especially in children < 2 years and elderly ⩾ 65 years. NoVs circulating in the Chinese population are antigenically highly diverse with the genotype GII.4 being the dominant strain followed by GII.3. Given the widespread contamination in environmental sources, and highly infectious nature of NoVs, vaccination would be the desirable strategy for the control of NoV infections. However, a better understanding of acquired immunity after infection, and a reliable immunological surrogate marker are urgently needed, since two vaccine candidates based on virus-like particles (VLPs) are currently moving into clinical evaluations in China.
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Noroviruses are genetically diverse RNA viruses associated with acute gastroenteritis in mammalian hosts. Phylogenetically, they can be segregated into different genogroups as well as P (polymerase)-groups and further into genotypes and P-types based on amino acid diversity of the complete VP1 gene and nucleotide diversity of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region of ORF1, respectively. In recent years, several new noroviruses have been reported that warrant an update of the existing classification scheme. Using previously described 2× standard deviation (sd) criteria to group sequences into separate clusters, we expanded the number of genogroups to 10 (GI-GX) and the number of genotypes to 49 (9 GI, 27 GII, 3 GIII, 2 GIV, 2 GV, 2 GVI and 1 genotype each for GVII, GVIII, GIX [formerly GII.15] and GX). Viruses for which currently only one sequence is available in public databases were classified into tentative new genogroups (GNA1 and GNA2) and genotypes (GII.NA1, GII.NA2 and GIV.NA1) with their definitive assignment awaiting additional related sequences. Based on nucleotide diversity in the RdRp region, noroviruses can be divided into 60 P-types (14 GI, 37 GII, 2 GIII, 1 GIV, 2 GV, 2 GVI, 1 GVII and 1 GX), 2 tentative P-groups and 14 tentative P-types. Future classification and nomenclature updates will be based on complete genome sequences and will be coordinated and disseminated by the international norovirus classification-working group.
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