目的 分析贵州省平塘县2017—2023年生活饮用水卫生状况,为水质管理部门指导水质管理工作提供参考依据。方法 从全国饮用水水质卫生监测信息系统导出平塘县2017—2023年生活饮用水卫生监测数据,应用Excel 2007软件建立数据库,采用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行分析,合格率的比较采用χ²检验。结果 2017—2023年平塘县共采集并检测生活饮用水水样432份,合格341份,合格率为78.94%。水样检测合格率总体情况为从2019年后呈逐年上升趋势(${X}_{趋势}^{2}$= 59.686,P< 0.001);不同采样时期(χ²=15.161,P< 0.001)、水源类型(χ²=47.794,P < 0.001)、消毒方式(χ²=48.541,P < 0.001)、供水类型(χ²=25.402,P < 0.001)合格率差异有统计学意义;出厂水合格率为78.47%,末梢水合格率为79.17%,差异无统计学意义(χ² =0.028,P=0.867)。金盆街道、克度镇饮用水水源类型为河(暗河)水,消毒方式为电解盐,水样合格率100.00%;检测指标中,感官性状和一般化学指标、毒理学指标合格率均为100.00%,消毒剂常规指标合格率78.94%,微生物指标大肠菌群合格率78.94%。结论 平塘县生活饮用水合格率不断提升,目前饮用水卫生安全状况良好,微生物污染为平塘县饮用水卫生指标超标的主要原因。

Objective To analyze the hygiene status of drinking water in Pingtang County,Guizhou Province from 2017 to 2023,and to provide reference for water quality management of water quality management departments. Methods The monitoring data of drinking water quality in Pingtang County from 2017 to 2023 were exported from the National Drinking Water Quality and Hygiene Monitoring Information System.A database was established by using Excel 2007 software.SPSS 19.0 software was used for analysis.The comparison of qualification rates was conducted by Chi-square test. Results From 2017 to 2023,a total of 432 drinking water samples were collected and tested in Pingtang County,of which 341 samples were qualified,with a qualification rate of 78.94%.The overall qualification rate of water samples showed an increasing trend year by year since 2019 (${X}_{trend}^{2}$=59.686,P<0.001).There were statistically significant differences in the qualification rate of different sampling periods (χ²=15.161,P<0.001),different water source types (χ²=47.794,P<0.001),different disinfection methods(χ²=48.541,P<0.001),and different water supply types (χ²=25.402,P<0.001).The qualification rate of factory water was 78.47%,and that of peripheral water was 79.17%,with no statistically significant difference (χ²=0.028,P=0.867).The drinking water source type for Jinpen Street and Kedu Town was river (dark) water,and the disinfection method was electrolytic salt.The water sample qualification rate was 100.00%.In the testing indicators,the qualification rates of sensory traits,general chemical indicators and toxicological indicators were 100.00%.The qualification rate of routine disinfectant indicators was 78.94%,and pass rate of coliform bacteria in the microbial indicators was 78.94%. Conclusion The qualification rate of drinking water in Pingtang County continues to improve,and the current hygiene and safety status of drinking water is good.Microbial contamination is the main type of exceeded drinking water hygiene indicators in Pingtang County.