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母子冲突与学龄前儿童心理行为问题的关联
Association between mother-child conflict and psychological and behavioral problems in preschool children
目的 分析母子冲突与学龄前儿童心理行为问题的关联,为促进儿童身心健康发展提供依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样对安徽省蒙城县12所幼儿园3 821名学龄前儿童及其母亲进行问卷调查,采用亲子冲突策略量表和Conners行为量表分别调查母子冲突与学龄前儿童心理行为问题,采用二元logistic回归分析母子冲突与学龄前儿童心理行为问题的关联。结果 蒙城县3 821名学龄前儿童心理行为问题的检出率为16.0%。logistic回归分析显示,在控制混杂因素后,无暴力惩罚(OR=1.136,95%CI:1.093~1.181)、心理攻击(OR=1.246,95%CI:1.204~1.291)和躯体攻击(OR=1.156,95%CI:1.132~1.181)的母子冲突均与学龄前儿童心理行为问题呈显著正相关(P值均<0.05),无暴力惩罚、心理攻击和躯体攻击的得分每增加1分,学龄前儿童心理行为问题的发生风险会分别增加13.60%、24.60%和15.60%。进一步性别分层分析显示,母子冲突均可能增加男女童心理行为问题的发生风险(P值均<0.05),无暴力惩罚、心理攻击和躯体攻击的得分每增加1分,男童心理行为问题发生风险分别增加13.20%、、28.80%和16.30%,女童心理行为问题发生风险分别增加13.60%、20.00%和15.40%。结论 需持续关注蒙城县学龄前儿童心理健康,定期监测儿童心理行为状况,评估母子互动中存在的风险因素,积极制定家庭干预措施,改善母子互动模式,促进儿童的心理健康发展。
Objective To analyze the association between mother-child conflict and psychological and behavioral problems in preschool children,and to provide a basis for promoting the healthy physical and mental development of children. Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted among 3 821 preschool children and their mothers in 12 kindergartens in Mengcheng County,Anhui Province by means of stratified cluster sampling.The Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and the Conners Behavior Scales were used to investigate mother-child conflicts and preschool children's psychological and behavioral problems,respectively.Binary logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the association between mother-child conflicts and children's psychological and behavioral problems. Results The detection rate of psychological and behavioral problems among 3 821 preschool children in Mengcheng County was 16.0%.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors,non-violent discipline (OR=1.136,95%CI:1.093-1.181),psychological aggression (OR=1.246,95%CI:1.204-1.291),and physical aggression (OR=1.156,95%CI:1.132-1.181) in mother-child conflicts were all significantly and positively associated with psychological behavior problems in preschool children (P<0.05).For each 1-point increase in the scores of non-violent discipline,psychological aggression,and physical aggression,the risk of psychological and behavioral problems in preschoolers increased by 13.60%,24.60% and 15.60%,respectively.Further gender-stratified analysis showed that mother-child conflicts may increase the risk of psychological and behavioral problems in both boys and girls (P<0.05).For each 1-point increase in the scores of non-violent discipline,psychological aggression,and physical aggression,the risk of psychological and behavioral problems in boys increased by 13.20%,28.80%,and 16.30%,respectively,while the risk of psychological and behavioral problems in girls increased by 13.60%,20.00%,and 15.40%,respectively. Conclusion The mental health of preschool children in Mengcheng County still requires continuous attention.It is essential to regularly monitor children's psychological and behavioral status,assess risk factors in mother-child interactions,and actively develop family-based interventions to improve the pattern of mother-child interactions,thereby promoting children's mental health and development.
Mother-child conflict / Psychological and behavioral problems / Preschool children
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The Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) is a popular research and clinical tool for obtaining parental reports of childhood behavior problems. The present study introduces a revised CPRS (CPRS-R) which has norms derived from a large, representative sample of North American children, uses confirmatory factor analysis to develop a definitive factor structure, and has an updated item content to reflect recent knowledge and developments concerning childhood behavior problems. Exploratory and confirmatory factor-analytic results revealed a seven-factor model including the following factors: Cognitive Problems, Oppositional, Hyperactivity-Impulsivity, Anxious-Shy, Perfectionism, Social Problems, and Psychosomatic. The psychometric properties of the revised scale appear adequate as demonstrated by good internal reliability coefficients, high test-retest reliability, and effective discriminatory power. Advantages of the CPRS-R include a corresponding factor structure with the Conners' Teacher Rating Scale-Revised and comprehensive symptom coverage for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and related disorders. Factor congruence with the original CPRS as well as similarities with other parent rating scales are discussed.
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王雨晴, 张慧超, 孙绪晗, 等. 家庭系统理论视角下慢性心力衰竭患者家庭照护的研究进展[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(13):1659-1664.
随着生物-医学-社区医学模式的转变，越来越多的研究将慢性心力衰竭照护服务从医学视角转换到家庭视角，家庭系统理论对于慢性心力衰竭患者的家庭照护具有指导意义。该文综述了家庭系统理论及相关概念、慢性心力衰竭对家庭照护者的影响、慢性心力衰竭患者家庭照护关系的测量工具及干预策略，并对研究现状进行分析，提出建议，以期为实施慢性心力衰竭患者家庭照护干预提供理论依据。
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Mental health problems are prevalent in autistic youth, but the underpinning mechanisms are not well explored. In neurotypical youth, stressful life events are an established risk factor for mental health problems. This study tested longitudinal bidirectional associations between family-level stressful life events and mental health problems and whether these were moderated by cognitive flexibility, in a cohort of autistic children (N = 247). Family-stressful life events, assessed using the parent-reported Family Inventory of Life Events and Changes, and mental health problems, assessed using the teacher-reported Child Behavior Checklist Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms subscales, were measured at multiple points between 7 and 11 years. Analyses showed no significant pathways from internalizing or externalizing symptoms to family-stressful life events or from family-stressful life events to internalizing or externalizing symptoms. There was some evidence of moderation by cognitive flexibility; the family-stressful life events to internalizing symptoms pathway was non-significant in the group with typical shifting ability but significant in the group with clinically significant shifting problems. Information about family-level stressful life event exposure and cognitive flexibility may be helpful in identifying autistic youth who may be at higher risk of developing mental health problems. Established risk factors for mental health problems in neurotypical populations are relevant for understanding mental health in autistic youth.
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利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突
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