目的 了解当涂县2017—2023年35~64岁农村妇女宫颈癌筛查情况,为宫颈癌防治提供科学依据。方法 收集2017—2023年当涂县35~64岁农村妇女宫颈癌筛查资料,分析癌前病变和宫颈癌早发现、早诊断、早治疗情况。结果 共筛查93 007人,筛查率为12.85%,2017—2023年筛查率呈下降趋势(χ ${\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{趋}\mathrm{势}}^{2}$= 33 340.404,P<0.001)。宫颈癌初筛异常者4 175例,初筛阳性率为4.49%(4 175/93 007);阴道镜检查4 030例,镜检率为96.53%(4 030/4 175),检出异常者1 583例,异常检出率为39.28%(1 583/4 030);组织病理学异常者665例,检出率为44.27%(665/1 502)。宫颈癌癌前病变检出率为353.74/10万(329/93 007),宫颈癌检出率为65.59/10万(61/93 007),宫颈癌筛查早诊率为95.90%(374/390)。不同年龄段农村妇女宫颈癌筛查结果显示,55~64岁组宫颈癌初筛阳性率最高(4.83%,1 230/25 488),不同年龄段宫颈癌初筛阳性率差异具有统计学意义(χ²=17.531,P<0.001);35~44岁组阴道镜异常检出率最高(44.72%,381/852),不同年龄段阴道镜异常检出率差异具有统计学意义(χ²=15.379,P<0.001)。结论 当涂县35~64岁农村妇女宫颈癌筛查率较低,但宫颈疾病检出率较高,应采取有效措施,提高宫颈癌筛查覆盖率。

Objective To understand the cervical cancer screening results of rural women aged 35-64 years in Dangtu County from 2017 to 2023,and to provide scientific basis for cervical cancer prevention and treatment. Methods The cervical cancer screening data of rural women aged 35-64 years in Dangtu County from 2017 to 2023 were collected,and the precancerous lesions and early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment of cervical cancer were analyzed. Results A total of 93 007 women were screened,with a screening rate of 12.85%,and the screening rate showed a decreasing trend from 2017 to 2023 (χ ${\mathrm{ }}_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{d}}^{2}$= 333 40.404,P<0.001).There were 4 175 cases with abnormal initial screening of cervical cancer,and the positive rate of initial screening was 4.49% (4 175/93 007).There were 4 030 cases received colposcopy,the rate of colposcopy was 96.53% (4 030/4 175),and 1 583 cases were detected with abnormality,the detective rate of abnormality was 39.28% (1 583/4 030).There were 665 cases with histopathological abnormality,and the detective rate was 44.27% (665/1 502).The detective rate of precancerous cervical lesions was 353.74/100 000 (329/93 007),the detective rate of cervical cancer was 65.59/100 000 (61/93 007),and the early diagnosis rate of cervical cancer screening was 95.90% (374/390).The results of cervical cancer screening in rural women of different age groups showed that the 55-64 year-old group with the highest positive rate of initial cervical cancer screening (4.83%,1 230/25 488),and the difference in the positive rate of initial cervical cancer screening among different age groups was statistically significant (χ²=17.531,P<0.001).The highest detective rate of colposcopic abnormality was found in the 35-44 year-old group (44.72%,381/852),the difference in the detective rate of colposcopic abnormality in different age groups was statistically significant (χ²=15.379,P<0.001). Conclusion The cervical cancer screening rate of rural women aged 35-64 years in Dangtu County is low,but the detective rate of cervical diseases is high.Effective measures should be taken to improve the coverage of cervical cancer screening.