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安徽省2023年居民健康素养水平及其影响因素
谢建嵘, 许德, 符院生, 王志敏, 夏元睿, 范引光
安徽预防医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5) : 349-353.
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安徽省2023年居民健康素养水平及其影响因素
Analysis of the level of health literacy and its influencing factors among residents in Anhui Province in 2023
目的 了解2023年安徽省居民健康素养水平现状,探讨相关影响因素,为提升居民健康素养和健康水平提供依据。方法 采用分层、多阶段、简单随机和与人口规模大小成比例抽样(PPS)相结合的抽样方法抽取全省39个县区15~69岁常住居民进行健康素养问卷调查,采用多因素logistic回归分析筛选居民健康素养具备率的影响因素。结果 2023年安徽省居民健康素养水平和加权调整后水平分别为31.09%和32.34%,其中,健康知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、健康技能3个方面健康素养水平分别为45.41%、33.01%、30.44%;安全与急救、科学健康观、健康信息、慢性病防治、基本医疗、传染病防治6类问题健康素养水平分别为64.35%、60.37%、45.93%、36.67%、27.30%、23.54%。与女性相比,男性的健康素养较高(OR=1.134,95%CI:1.050~1.226);与农民相比,公务员/事业单位人员健康素养较高(OR=1.180,95%CI:1.027~1.357);与不识字或识字很少相比,小学、初中、高中/职高/中专、大专/本科及以上的居民健康素养较高(OR=2.238,95%CI:1.659~3.018;OR=5.908,95%CI:4.449~7.844;OR=9.547,95%CI:7.109~12.820; OR=24.028,95%CI:17.833~32.374);与65~69岁年龄组相比,15~24岁、25~34岁、35~44岁、45~54岁、55~64岁年龄组的居民健康素养较高(OR=3.020,95%CI:2.254~4.047;OR=3.627,95%CI:2.871~4.696;OR=3.530,95%CI:2.771~4.498; OR=2.879,95%CI:2.265~3.661; OR=1.413,95%CI:1.099~1.816)。结论 安徽省居民健康素养处于较低水平,性别、文化程度、年龄、职业是影响健康素养水平的重要因素。
Objective To understand the current status of residents' health literacy level in Anhui Province in 2023,and to explore the relevant influencing factors,thus to provide basis for improving the health literacy and health level of residents.Methods A stratified,multi-stage,simple random sampling,and probability proportionate to size (PPS) sampling method was used to select 15-69 years old permanent residents from 39 counties and districts in Anhui Province for a health literacy questionnaire survey.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to screen the influencing factors of the residents' health literacy level.Results The health literacy level and weighted adjusted level of residents in Anhui Province in 2023 were 31.09% and 32.34%.The health literacy levels of health knowledge and concept,healthy lifestyle and behavior,and health skills were 45.41%,33.01% and 30.44%,respectively.The health literacy levels in safety and first aid,scientific health concept,health information,chronic disease prevention and treatment,basic medical treatment,and infectious disease prevention and control were 64.35%,60.37%,45.93%,36.67%,27.30% and 23.54%,respectively.Compared to women,men had higher health literacy level (OR=1.134,95%CI:1.050-1.226).Compared to farmers,civil servants or personnel from public institutions had higher health literacy level (OR=1.180,95%CI:1.027-1.357).Compared to those who were illiterate or less literate,residents with primary school,junior high school,senior high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school,college/undergraduate and above had higher health literacy level (OR=2.238,95%CI:1.659-3.018;OR=5.908,95%CI:4.449-7.844;OR=9.547,95%CI:7.109-12.820;OR=24.028,95%CI:17.833-32.374).Compared to the 65-69 years old group,the 15-24,25-34,35-44,45-54 and 55-64 years old groups had higher health literacy level (OR=3.020,95%CI:2.254-4.047;OR=3.627,95%CI:2.871-4.696;OR=3.530,95%CI:2.771-4.498;OR=2.879,95%CI:2.265-3.661;OR=1.413,95%CI:1.099-1.816).Conclusion The health literacy level of residents in Anhui Province is still at a relatively low level.Gender,education level,age and occupation are important factors influencing the health literacy level.
Health literacy / Health education / Residents / Influencing factors
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