目的 了解六安市城乡居民2022年健康素养水平及其影响因素,为制定有针对性的干预措施提供参考依据。方法 采用人口规模成比例抽样(PPS抽样)的方法,抽取六安市876名城乡居民进行健康素养水平调查,采用logistic回归模型分析居民健康素养水平的影响因素。结果 六安市2022年共调查876名居民,平均年龄(43.24±14.93)岁;其中男性371名,女性505名,性别比为1∶1.36;文化程度以初中为主,占31.1%;职业以农民为主,占48.20%。居民健康素养平均得分为(45.8±14.03)分,总体具备率为24.54%;三个维度健康素养水平由高到低分别为基本知识和理念素养(34.59%)、基本技能素养(23.29%)、健康生活方式和行为素养(18.61%),六类健康问题素养水平由高到低依次为安全与急救素养(54.79%)、健康信息素养(36.42%)、传染病防治素养(33.45%)、慢性病防治素养(27.97%)、基本医疗素养(23.52%)和科学健康观素养(22.37%)。logistic回归分析结果显示,农村居民(OR=2.622,95%CI:1.881~3.655)、女性(OR=1.819,95%CI:1.334~2.481)、50~59岁(OR=0.259,95%CI:0.129~0.521)、60~69岁(OR=0.114,95%CI:0.043~0.305)、未患慢性病(OR=2.453,95%CI:1.668~3.606)等是六安市居民健康素养的影响因素。结论 六安市居民健康素养水平较低,且不同群体间差异明显,应引导居民树立科学的健康观、养成健康的生活方式,重点加强对农村地区、老年人、低文化程度人群和低收入家庭的健康知识普及,提高健康教育的针对性。

Objective To investigate the level of health literacy among residents in Lu'an in 2022 and analyze it's influencing factors,so as to provide reference for the development of targeted intervention measures.Methods A total of 876 residents were selected for health literacy level survey by using probability proportionate to size sampling (PPS) method.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of health literacy level among residents in Lu'an.Results In 2022,a total of 876 residents were surveyed in Lu'an,with an average age of (43.24±14.93) years.Among them,371 were males and 505 were females,with a gender ratio of 1:1.36.The education level was mainly junior high school,accounting for 31.1%,and the occupation was mainly farmers,accounting for 48.20%.The average score of health literacy among residents was (45.8±14.03),with an overall possession rate of 24.54%.The three dimensions of health literacy levels from high to low were basic knowledge and concept literacy (34.59%),basic skill literacy (23.29%),and healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy (18.61%),respectively.The six types of health literacy levels from high to low were safety and first aid literacy (54.79%),health information literacy (36.42%),infectious diseases prevention and control literacy (33.45%),chronic diseases prevention and control literacy (27.97%),basic medical literacy (23.52%),and scientific health concept literacy (22.37%),respectively.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that rural residents (OR=2.622,95%CI:1.881-3.655),females (OR=1.819,95%CI:1.334-2.481),50-59 years old (OR=0.259,95%CI:0.129-0.521),60-69 years old (OR=0.114,95%CI:0.043-0.305),and no chronic diseases (OR=2.453,95%CI:1.668-3.606) were the influencing factors of health literacy among residents in Lu'an.Conclusion The health literacy level of residents in Lu'an is relatively low,and there are significant differences among different groups.Residents should be guided to establish a scientific concept of health and develop a healthy lifestyle.Emphasis should be placed on strengthening the popularization of health knowledge in rural areas,the elderly,low educated groups,and low-income families,thus to improve the pertinence of health education work.