一起副溶血弧菌导致食源性疾病暴发事件的实验室检测结果分析

赵宇; 刘雨薇; 李首飞; 王苗; 王洛桐; 李颖; 张爽

doi:10.19837/j.cnki.ahyf.2025.05.014

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安徽预防医学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5) : 411-415. DOI: 10.19837/j.cnki.ahyf.2025.05.014

疾病控制

一起副溶血弧菌导致食源性疾病暴发事件的实验室检测结果分析

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Analysis of laboratory detection results for a foodborne outbreak caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus

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摘要

目的研究一起副溶血弧菌(VP)感染导致的人腹泻暴发事件的病原学特征,为进一步防控工作提供参考。方法收集暴发事件相关病例的流行病学信息,同时采集病例、厨师、食品和相关环境涂抹样本,采用实时荧光PCR法筛选常见腹泻致病性病原体;对原始样本和增菌液分别进行VP分离鉴定,对获得的VP菌株进行血清型分型和特征基因与毒力基因检测。采用微量肉汤稀释法检测菌株对抗菌药物的敏感性,并对菌株的全基因组序列进行遗传进化分析。结果对增菌液进行培养,4例病例肛拭子各分离到1株VP(toxR+/tdh+),3名厨师肛拭子各分离到1株VP(toxR+/tdh+),1份环境样本分离到7株VP(toxR+/tdh-)。分离到的人源VP菌株血清型均为O10∶K4。肛拭子分离的7株VP均对氨苄西林和多黏菌素E耐药,遗传特性呈现克隆化;环境分离的7株VP耐药表型不同,呈现出遗传多样性。结论本次事件由单克隆血清型O10∶K4 感染导致,全基因组测序技术在腹泻病暴发的病原分析中有较好的应用前景。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics of a diarrhea outbreak caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) infection,and to provide a basis for further prevention and control.Methods Epidemiological information related to the outbreak was collected,and samples from cases,chefs,food,and environmental swabs were collected.Real-time PCR was used to screen for common diarrhea-causing pathogens.VP was isolated and identified from the original samples and enrichment broth,and the obtained VP strains were serotyped and tested for characteristic and virulence genes.The drug resistance of the strains was determined by broth micro-dilution method,and the genetic evolution of the strains whole genome sequences was analyzed.Results After the enrichment solution was cultured,one strain of VP (toxR+/tdh+) was isolated from each anal swab of 4 cases,one strain of VP (toxR+/tdh+) was isolated from each anal swab of 3 chefs,and seven strains of VP (toxR+/tdh-) were isolated from 1 environmental sample.The serotypes of VP strains isolated from humans were all O10:K4.The 7 strains of VP isolated from rectal swabs were all resistant to ampicillin and polymyxin E,showed clonal genetic characteristics.The 7 strains of VP isolated from the environment had different resistance phenotypes,showed genetic diversity.Conclusion The event was caused by monoclonal serotype VP infection,and whole-genome sequencing technology has a good application prospect in the etiological analysis of diarrhea outbreaks.

导出引用

赵宇, 刘雨薇, 李首飞, 等. 一起副溶血弧菌导致食源性疾病暴发事件的实验室检测结果分析[J]. 安徽预防医学杂志. 2025, 31(5): 411-415 https://doi.org/10.19837/j.cnki.ahyf.2025.05.014

ZHAO Yu, LIU Yuwei, LI Shoufei, et al. Analysis of laboratory detection results for a foodborne outbreak caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus[J]. Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2025, 31(5): 411-415 https://doi.org/10.19837/j.cnki.ahyf.2025.05.014

中图分类号： R155

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本文引用 [1] 摘要

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is recognized as a cause of food-borne gastroenteritis, particularly in the Far East, where raw seafood consumption is high. An unusual increase in admissions of V. parahaemolyticus cases was observed at the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Calcutta, a city in the northeastern part of India, beginning February 1996. Analysis of the strains revealed that a unique serotype, O3:K6, not previously isolated during the surveillance in Calcutta accounted for 50 to 80% of the infections in the following months. After this report, O3:K6 isolates identical to those isolated in Calcutta were reported from food-borne outbreaks and from sporadic cases in Bangladesh, Chile, France, Japan, Korea, Laos, Mozambique, Peru, Russia, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, and the United States. Other serotypes, such as O4:K68, O1:K25, and O1:KUT (untypeable), that had molecular characteristics identical to that of the O3:K6 serotype were subsequently documented. These serotypes appeared to have diverged from the O3:K6 serotype by alteration of the O:K antigens and were defined as "serovariants" of the O3:K6 isolate. O3:K6 and its serovariants have now spread into Asia, America, Africa, and Europe. This review traces the genesis, virulence features, molecular characteristics, serotype variants, environmental occurrence, and global spread of this unique clone of V. parahaemolyticus.

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