目的 分析六安市2019—2023年重点行业工作场所职业病危害因素监测结果及变化趋势，为职业病危害因素防治提供依据。方法 收集2019—2023年六安市重点行业工作场所职业病危害因素监测数据，对不同年份、企业规模、经济类型、行业及县区的监测企业数、检测点数和检测合格率进行统计分析。结果 2019—2023年共监测760家企业，监测企业以小微企业（87.23%，663/760）、制造业（88.29%，671/760）和私有经济类型（95.13%，723/760）为主，检测点9 746个，总体合格率为73.93%（7 205/9 746）。其中粉尘、化学毒物和噪声检测点的合格率分别为65.30%（1 833/2 807）、91.84%（1 271/1 384）和73.83%（4 101/5 555），差异具有统计学意义（χ²=338.671，P<0.001）。采矿业检测点合格率最低（54.01%，640/1 185），矽尘是检测点合格率最低的危害因素（57.36%，1 196/2 085）。不同企业规模（χ²=60.429，P<0.001）、经济类型（χ²=19.082，P=0.001）、行业（χ²=284.036，P<0.001）和县区（χ²=360.628，P<0.001）间的检测点合格率差异均有统计学意义。结论 粉尘和噪声是六安市主要的职业病危害因素，建议将采矿业及其矽尘作业岗位作为重点治理对象。

Objective To analyze the monitoring results and trends of occupational hazard factors in key industry workplaces in Lu’an from 2019 to 2023, and to provide basis for the prevention and control of occupational hazards. Methods The monitoring data on occupational hazard factors in key industry workplaces in Lu’an from 2019 to 2023 were collected. The number of enterprises monitored, sampling points, and qualification rates across different years, enterprise sizes, economic types, industries, and districts were statistically analyzed. Results From 2019 to 2023, a total of 760 enterprises were monitored, with 9 746 testing points. The monitored enterprises were predominantly small and micro businesses (87.23%, 663/760), manufacturing industries (88.29%, 671/760), and privately-owned economic entities (95.13%, 723/760). The overall qualification rate was 73.93% (7 205/9 746). The qualification rates for dust, chemical toxicants, and noise detection points were 65.30% (1 833/2 807), 91.84% (1 271/1 384), and 73.83% (4 101/5 555), respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ²=338.671, P<0.001). The mining industry detection points had the lowest detection points qualification rate (54.01%, 640/1 185), and silica dust was the hazard factor of the lowest qualification rate (57.36%, 1 196/2 085). Significant differences in qualification rates detection points were observed across different enterprise scales (χ²=60.429, P<0.001), economic types (χ²=19.082, P=0.001), industries (χ²=284.036, P<0.001), and counties/districts (χ²=360.628, P<0.001). Conclusion Dust and noise are the primary occupational hazard factors in Lu’an. It is recommended to prioritize supervision and control measures targeting the mining industry and its silica dust operation posts.