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马鞍山市0~3岁婴幼儿家长养育照护能力现状及影响因素分析
Current status and influencing factors of parental nurturing care ability for infants aged 0-3 years in Ma’anshan City
目的 调查安徽省马鞍山市0~3岁婴幼儿家长的养育照护能力现状并分析其影响因素，为制定家庭养育支持策略提供科学依据。方法 于2024年4—8月，采用方便抽样法选取安徽省马鞍山市6个县区3 346个0~3岁婴幼儿家庭进行问卷调查。采用《养育照护能力评估量表》评估家长的养育照护能力，通过自编问卷收集社会人口学资料。采用多因素logistic回归分析探讨影响因素。结果 家长养育照护能力总分的异常检出率为16.56%。各维度异常检出率从高到低依次为：营养与喂养（32.85%）、常见病防护（25.13%）、玩耍体验（24.15%）、安全保障（21.97%）、养育观念和方式（14.26%）及回应性照护（10.88%）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，早产与养育照护能力异常风险增加相关（OR=1.465，95%CI：1.001~2.145）；婴幼儿为女童（OR=0.813，95%CI：0.674~0.980）、母亲文化程度为大专/本科（OR=0.668，95%CI：0.536~0.832）及较高的家庭人均月收入（3 000~<6 000元：OR=0.468，95%CI：0.350~0.626；≥6 000元：OR=0.291，95%CI：0.216~0.393）与养育照护能力异常风险降低相关。结论 马鞍山市存在婴幼儿家长养育照护能力不足现象，且受多重因素影响。应重点关注男婴、早产儿、母亲文化程度较低及人均月收入较低的家庭，提供针对性养育支持，以提升育儿技能，促进儿童早期发展。
Objective To investigate the current status of parental nurturing care ability among parents of infants aged 0-3 years in Ma’anshan City, Anhui Province, and to analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for formulating family support scientific strategies. Methods From April 2024 to August 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to select 3 346 families of infants aged 0-3 years from six counties/districts in Ma’anshan City for questionnaire surveys. The Parental Caregiving Ability Assessment Scale was applied to evaluate their nurturing care ability, and self-designed questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to explore influencing factors. Results The abnormal detection rate of the total parenting and caregiving ability score was 16.56%. The abnormal detection rates for each dimension, from highest to lowest, were as follows: nutrition and feeding (32.85%), common disease prevention (25.13%), play and experience (24.15%), safety and security (21.97%), parenting concepts and methods (14.26%), and responsive caregiving (10.88%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth was associated with an increased risk of abnormal caregiving ability (OR=1.465, 95%CI: 1.001-2.145), while female gender of the child (OR=0.813, 95%CI: 0.674-0.980), maternal education level of college/bachelor’s degree (OR=0.668, 95%CI: 0.536-0.832), and higher monthly household income per capita (¥3 000-<¥6 000: OR=0.468, 95%CI: 0.350-0.626; ≥¥6 000: OR=0.291, 95%CI: 0.216-0.393) were associated with a decreased risk. Conclusion Deficiencies exist in parental nurturing care ability among caregivers in Ma’anshan City, which is influenced by multiple factors. Greater attention should be paid to families with male gender of the child, preterm infants, lower maternal education levels, and lower monthly per capita income. Targeted parenting support should be provided to enhance nurturing skills and promote the all-round development of infants in early stages.
Nurturing care / Infants / Influencing factors / Cross-sectional study
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孔文瑞, 许梦雪, 贾妮, 等. 北京市0-3岁婴幼儿家长养育照护能力现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(7):741-745.
目的 调查北京市0～3岁婴幼儿家长养育照护能力现状及其影响因素,为进一步科学且有针对性的家长养育照护能力指导提供循证支持。方法 2020年7—11月在北京市5所区级妇幼保健院1 514名0～3岁婴幼儿家长中进行问卷调查,采用自编《家长养育照护能力自评问卷》评估家长养育照护能力,包括养育观念与方式、健康护理、营养与喂养、回应性照护、玩耍体验和安全保障6个方面,采用单因素分析和多元线性逐步回归分析探索家长养育照护能力的影响因素。结果 家长养育照护能力的总分为(77.81±10.31)分,养育观念与方式得分为(78.81±13.84)分、健康护理(69.43±11.17)分、营养与喂养(78.51±13.06)分、回应性照护(84.00±13.66)分、玩耍体验(73.35±18.84)分和安全保障(82.77±12.80)分。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示:儿童年龄(1岁:β=-2.09,95%CI:-3.17~-1.02;2~3岁:β=-3.95,95%CI:-5.27~-2.62)、家庭年收入(β=1.39,95%CI:1.16~3.95)、儿童拥有绘本数(β=2.55,95%CI:0.25~2.53)、早期学习支持(β=7.20,95%CI:6.09~8.31)、是否有固定玩耍场所(β=5.48,95%CI:4.33~6.63)是家长养育照护能力总得分的影响因素(P＜0.05)。结论 北京市0～3岁婴幼儿家长养育照护能力整体情况良好,但在婴幼儿健康护理及玩耍体验等养育照护实践方面仍有待进一步提升,今后应为家长提供针对性的育儿支持,更好的促进婴幼儿早期发展。
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孔文瑞, 许梦雪, 贾妮, 等. 婴幼儿家长养育照护实践自评问卷的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(8):825-830.
目的 编制适用于我国文化背景下的0~3岁婴幼儿家长养育照护实践自评问卷并检验其信效度,为后续的研究者、儿童保健人员提供相关评估技术的方法学支撑。方法 通过查阅文献、专家共识,在养育照护理论框架的基础上,考虑我国婴幼儿养育文化,构建初始问卷。通过预调查对条目进行筛选,结合专家研讨会意见确定最终版婴幼儿家长养育照护实践自评问卷(C-NCPQ)。对北京、浙江及深圳共4所妇幼保健院的851名0~3岁婴幼儿主要养育人进行了调查,以评估C-NCPQ的信、效度,信度评价采用Cronbach's α系数、分半信度及重测信度;效度评价采用效标效度及结构效度,以育儿环境指数量表( ICCE)和儿童家庭养育环境量表作为效标。结果 构建的C-NCPQ包括养育方式、健康护理、营养喂养、回应性照护、玩耍体验、安全保障6个维度,共44个条目。总问卷的 Cronbach's α系数为0.913,分半信度为0.853,重测信度为0.745。验证性因子分析拟合指标提示模型拟合可接受(χ<sup>2</sup>/df=2.770,RMSEA=0.046,CFI=0.833,TLI=0.819,SRMR=0.50)。各条目因子载荷均＞0.3,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。总问卷与ICCE的效标相关系数为0.561,与家庭环境量表0~1岁版、1~3岁版的效标相关系数分别为0.406、0.600。结论 C-NCPQ问卷评估简单易行,经验证具有较好的信效度,可用于基层婴幼儿家庭的养育实践评估及指导。
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张晶, 孙倩, 詹建英. 基于WHO框架的婴幼儿家长养育照护能力调查与分析[J]. 健康研究, 2025, 45(2):185-191.
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Early childhood development programmes vary in coordination and quality, with inadequate and inequitable access, especially for children younger than 3 years. New estimates, based on proxy measures of stunting and poverty, indicate that 250 million children (43%) younger than 5 years in low-income and middle-income countries are at risk of not reaching their developmental potential. There is therefore an urgent need to increase multisectoral coverage of quality programming that incorporates health, nutrition, security and safety, responsive caregiving, and early learning. Equitable early childhood policies and programmes are crucial for meeting Sustainable Development Goals, and for children to develop the intellectual skills, creativity, and wellbeing required to become healthy and productive adults. In this paper, the first in a three part Series on early childhood development, we examine recent scientific progress and global commitments to early childhood development. Research, programmes, and policies have advanced substantially since 2000, with new neuroscientific evidence linking early adversity and nurturing care with brain development and function throughout the life course.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Parents are the primary caregivers of young children. Responsive parent–child relationships and parental support for learning during the earliest years of life are crucial for promoting early child development (ECD). We conducted a global systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of parenting interventions on ECD and parenting outcomes.
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Parenting a preterm infant can be incredibly challenging and stressful, particularly in the first year after discharge. Desirable parental role adaptation leads to appropriate parenting behaviors and parent-infant interaction, which are essential to child health and development.
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丁骞, 郑雯, 郝娟, 等. 家庭社会经济地位对0-3岁婴幼儿发展的影响:家庭环境质量的中介作用[J]. 陕西学前师范学院学报, 2025, 41(12):37-43.
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The current study examined intergenerational continuity in economic hardship, parental positivity, and positive parenting across generations based on both the family stress model (FSM) and the family resilience framework. The study included 220 generation 1 (G1) parents, their target youth (generation 2: G2) who participated from adolescence through adulthood, and the target's child (generation 3: G3). Assessments included observational and self-report measures. Results indicated that G1 economic hardship negatively influenced both G1 positivity and G1 positive parenting. Similarly, G2 economic hardship was negatively related to both G2 positivity and G2 positive parenting, which in turn was associated with G3 positive behavior to G2. For both G1 and G2, parental positivity mediated the association between economic hardship and positive parenting. G2 economic hardship was indirectly related to G3 positive behavior through G2 parental positivity and positive parenting. An important finding is that the intergenerational continuity of economic hardship, positivity, and positive parenting were transmitted from G1 to G2. Results suggest that even in times of economic adversity, parental positivity and positive parenting were transmitted from G1 parents to their G2 youth during adulthood. Such continuity seems to influence the positive behavior of the G3 children.(c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).
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