目的 分析2014—2024年宜春市乙型病毒性肝炎（简称乙肝）的流行病学特征，为制定乙肝防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统获取2014—2024年宜春市乙肝发病数据，采用描述流行病学方法分析乙肝分布特征，运用Joinpoint回归模型计算年度变化百分比（annual percent change, APC）和平均年度变化百分比（average annual percent change, AAPC）分析乙肝发病趋势。结果 2014—2024年宜春市共报告乙肝病例64 745例，年均报告发病率为110.44/10万。2014—2024年乙肝、慢性乙肝报告发病率总体呈上升趋势（AAPC=3.92%，P<0.001；AAPC=3.59%，P=0.022），急性乙肝报告发病率在2020—2024年上升较快（APC=43.72%，P=0.003）。各月均有乙肝病例报告，无明显季节性。报告发病率居前3的地区分别为袁州区（179.90/10万）、上高县（156.16/10万）、万载县（123.40/10万）。男女报告病例数比为2.32∶1，男性报告发病率高于女性。病例年龄集中在20~74岁（占94.46%），40~59岁年龄组报告病例数及发病率最高，0~14岁年龄组报告病例数及发病率最低。职业以农民为主（45 011例，占69.52%）。结论 2014—2024年宜春市乙肝报告发病率呈上升趋势，建议在继续巩固乙肝母婴阻断和儿童乙肝疫苗接种的基础上进一步推进成人乙肝疫苗接种工作，同时加强重点地区、重点人群的健康教育和健康促进工作，提高人群免疫水平和防病意识。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Yichun from 2014 to 2024, so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies. Methods The incidence data of hepatitis B in Yichun from 2014 to 2024 were collected from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution characteristics of hepatitis B. The Joinpoint regression model was employed to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) to analyze the incidence trend of hepatitis B. Results A total of 64 745 hepatitis B cases were reported in Yichun City from 2014 to 2024, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 110.44/100 000. The overall reported incidence rates of hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis B showed an upward trend from 2014 to 2024 (AAPC=3.92%, P<0.001; AAPC=3.59%, P=0.022). The reported incidence rate of acute hepatitis B increased rapidly from 2020 to 2024 (APC=43.72%, P=0.003). There are reports of hepatitis B cases every month throughout the year without obvious seasonality. The top three regions with the highest reported incidence rates were Yuanzhou District (179.90/100 000), Shanggao County (156.16/100 000), and Wanzai County (123.40/100 000). The ratio of male to female reported cases was 2.32∶1, and the reported incidence rate was higher in males than in females. The age of the cases was mainly concentrated between 20 and 74 years old (accounting for 94.46%). The age group of 40 to 59 had the highest number of reported cases and the highest incidence rate, while the age group of 0 to 14 had the lowest number of reported cases and the lowest incidence rate. Farmers accounted for the majority of all cases (45 011 cases, accounting for 69.52%). Conclusion From 2014 to 2024, the reported incidence rate of hepatitis B in Yichun City showed an upward trend. It is recommended to further promote adult hepatitis B vaccination on the basis of continuing to consolidate the interruption of mother-to-child transmission and childhood hepatitis B vaccination. Additionally, health education and health promotion should be strengthened in key areas and among key populations to enhance immunization levels and disease prevention awareness.