目的 了解马鞍山市区2013~2015年卫生行政处罚和投诉举报工作情况,为规范卫生监督部门的卫生执法和提升执法能力提供借鉴和参考。方法 收集2013~2015年马鞍山市卫生监督局所有行政处罚及投诉举报存档记录,对投诉举报和卫生行政处罚案件专业类别分布,投诉举报的形式和真实性以及卫生行政处罚案由进行分析。结果 共收集2013~2015年马鞍山市卫生监督局受理的举报投诉141件,实施的卫生行政处罚148件。不同年份卫生行政处罚案件专业类别构成比的变化不明显,差异无统计学意义(χ²=11.36,P=0.34)。接受投诉举报的主要形式为电话举报,占所有举报的88.65%(125/141);实名举报率从2013年的36.17%下降到2015年0%,差异有统计学意义(χ²_趋势=10.03,P<0.005)。举报不实的比例呈现逐年增长的趋势,从2013年19.15%增长到2015年58.33%,差异有统计学意义(χ²_趋势=16.19,P<0.005)。实名举报并不影响举报案件真实性,两者之间的相关性无统计学意义(χ²=0.68,P=0.41)。行政处罚都比较集中在个别的案由上,其它案由的利用率不高。结论 马鞍山市卫生投诉案件存在投诉真实性不高,行政处罚专业类别集中、行政处罚案由不丰富等问题。需要积极引导公众提高投诉案件的真实性,卫生监督机构应当丰富行政处罚案由。

Objective To investigate the status of the health administrative penalty and related complaints in Ma'anshan, in order to provided supports and references for regulating health supervision department of health law and improving the health-law performing ability. Methods We collected the file records of health administrative penalty and related complaints in Ma'anshan from 2013~2015, and analyzed case distribution of professional categories, form and authenticity of complaint reporting, and cause of action. Results It totally collected 141 records of health administrative penalty and 148 records of related complaints from 2013 to 2015. There was no significant difference in the professional proportion of health administrative penalty case (χ²=11.36, P=0.34) among different years. The main complaints received were telephone reports, about 88.65%. The real-name reporting rate declined from 36.17% in 2013 to 0% in 2015, and there was significant difference(χ²=10.03,P<0.005). The proportion of false reports had an increasing trend, from 19.15% in 2013 to 58.33% in 2015(χ²=16.19, P<0.005). Real name didn't affect the authenticity of reported cases, and there was no significant correlation between them(χ²=0.68, P=0.41). Administrative penalties were mainly focused on the individual's cause, and the utilization of other cause of action was not high. Conclusion There are still some problems in the process of health administrative penalties in Ma'anshan, such as higher proportion of false reports, more concentrated professional category, and the causes of administrative penalties are single and simple. The angencies of health supervision should strengthen surveillance and management, rational allocation of supervision resources, rich the cause of administrative penalties action.