目的 分析湖南省2010~2016 年水痘疫情的流行病学特征,为控制水痘暴发和流行提供依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集湖南省2010~2016年水痘个案病例及暴发疫情信息,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 湖南省2010~2016年共报告水痘137 904例,年平均发病率为28.18/10万;冬春季节高发;患者发病年龄主要集中在4~8岁的儿童,共报告暴发疫情140起,主要集中在学校和托幼机构。结论 儿童为水痘的高发人群,水痘发病具有明显的季节性,应做好水痘免疫接种工作,采取有效措施降低发病率,加强暴发疫情监测和疫情处置工作。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of varicella from 2010 to 2016 in Hunan province, so as to provide a basis for controll of varicella. Methods All the data were collected from Disease Surveillance Information Reporting System and Public Health Emergency Events Reporting System of Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, which were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results A total of 137 904 varicella cases were reported, the average annual incidence of varicella was 28.18/105 during 2010 to 2016 in Hunan province. Most of cases occurred in spring or winter, and most of cases were 4 to 8 years old. There were 140 outbreaks of varicella and most occurred in schools and kindergarten. Conclusion Children were the population at high-risk. Varicella had an obvious seasonal incidence peak. The vaccination program of varicella should be expanded to reduce the incidence of varicella. It is important to improve the coverage rate of the varicella vaccine for the populations at high risk and to strengthen monitoring of the outbreak.
关键词
水痘 /
流行特征 /
疫情暴发
Key words
Varicella /
Epidemiological characteristics /
Outbreak
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