目的 了解安庆市2015年手足口病发病特征。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,对安庆市手足口病流行病学和病原学数据进行分析。结果 2015年,安庆市报告手足口病患者2 715例,发病率50.77/10万;报告重复感染病例37例,重复感染率1.36%;报告重症病例17例,重症发生率0.63%;重复感染病例中,第二次感染与第一次感染发病最短间隔28 d,最长268 d,中位数81 d;每月均有病例报告,以4～7月为主(53.33%)。11个县(市、区)均有病例报告,其中宜秀区发病率最高(139.03/10万),主城区和非主城区发病率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=281.01,P＜0.05);不同地貌地区(山区、丘陵和圩区)发病率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=250.94,P＜0.05)。报告病例数中,0~4岁儿童发病数占91.64%,以散居儿童为主(79.96%),男性多于女性。病原学检测肠道病毒核酸阳性率53.80%,阳性标本中,以其他肠道病毒感染为主(69.57%)。结论 安庆市手足口病发病平稳,有明显的季节特征,以4岁以下儿童为主,病原体以其他肠道病毒为主,有重复感染病例发生。不同地貌和人口密度对手足口病发病有影响。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Anqing prefecture in 2015, and provide evidence for HFMD control and prevention. Methods The registration data of HFMD epidemiology and etiology of Anqing prefecture in 2015 were collected and analyzed with descriptive epidemiology. Result Cases of 2715 were reported in 2015, and the reported annual incidence was 50.77/105. 37 re-infection cases were reported, and the re-infection rate was 1.36%. 17 serious cases were reported,and the rate was 0.63%. In the case of repeated re-infection, the shortest interval between second infection and first infection was 28 days, the longest 268 days, the median 81 days. Cases were reported every month,the disease-prone time were from April to September, which was 53.33%. Cases were reported in 11 counties (cities or district). Thereinto,Yixiu District had the highest incidence,which was 139.03/105. There were statistically significant differences between the incidences of urban area and non-urban area (χ2=281.01,P＜0.05).There were statistically significant differences among the incidences of different landforms (Mountain, Hilly and Polder ) area(χ2=250.94, P＜0.05). The HFMD patients were mainly infants and young children between 0~4 years old (accounting for 91.64% of the total cases), thereinto, these children were mainly scattered children, which took up 79.96%, and there were more male children than female ones.The positive rate was 53.80% by pathogen detection.These cases were mainly infected by other kind of enterovirus, which was 69.57%. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Anqing was steady. There were obvious seasonality specific characteristics.The HFMD patients were mainly infants and young children below 4 years old,and the virus were mainly other kinds of enterovirus.There were repeated cases of re-infection. Different geomorphology and population density had an effect on the incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease.
关键词
手足口病 /
流行特征 /
肠道病毒 /
人口密度 /
地形地貌 /
生态学
Key words
Hand-foot,mouth disene /
Epidemiological characteristics /
Etiology /
Other Enterovirus /
Population density /
Topographic features /
Ecology
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Cabrerizo M,Tarrago D,Munoz-Almagro C,et al.Molecular epidemiology of enterovirus 71,coxsackievirus A16 and A6 associated with hand,foot and mouth disease in Spain[J].Clin Microbiol Infect,2014,20(3):O150-O156.
[2] Edmond M,Wong C,Chuang SK.Evaluation of sentinel surveillance system for monitoring hand,foot and mouth disease in Hong Kong[J].Public Health,2011,125(11):777-783.
[3] Feder HM Jr,Bennett N,Modlin JF.A typical hand,foot,and mouth disease:a vesiculobullous eruption caused by Coxsackie virus A6[J].Lancet Infect Dis,2014,14(1):83-86.
[4] 中华人民共和国卫生部.手足口病预防控制指南(2009版)[S].北京:中国疾病预防控制中心,2009.
[5] 陈国平,史永林,张进,等.2008-2014年安徽省手足口病流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(4):588-590,630.
[6] 吴家兵,方益荣,王建军,等.安徽省2008年手足口病流行病学分析[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2010,16(2):96-98.
[7] 刘媛.徐州市2011-2015年手足口病流行病学特征[J].江苏预防医学,2017,28(1):82-83.
[8] 张芸,宋开发.2010-2014年荆州市沙市区手足口病流行趋势分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2016,27(1):87-89.
[9] 嵇红,单军,魏明伟,等.江苏省5岁以下儿童2009-2014年手足口病流行病学特征[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(7):1067-1071.
[10] 刘永孝.安徽省2008-2009年手足口病流行特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2012,16(3):237-240.
[11] Onozuka D,Hashizume M.The influence of temperature and humidity on the incidence of hand,foot,and mouth disease in Japan[J].Sci Total Env,2011,410(411):119-125.
[12] 田辉,杨培荣,巨洲峰,等.气象因素对手足口病发病影响及预测模型分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(4):451-453.
[13] 莫晓艳,宋颖,范凯.2008年-2015年辽宁省锦州市手足口病流行病学分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2017,27(2):271-273.
[14] Ji H,Li L,Liu Y,et al.Seroepidem biology of human enterovirus71 and coxsackievirusA16 in Jiangsu province,China[J].Virology Journal,2012,9:248.
[15] Herrero LJ,Lee CS,Hurrelbrink RJ,et al.Molecular epidemiology of enterovirus 71 in peninsular Malaysia,1997-2000[J].Arch Virol,2003,148(7):1369-1385.
[16] 靳妍,张静,孙军玲,等.2011年中国大陆手足口病流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2012,27(9):676-679.
[17] 刘玲琳,脱军运,魏霞,等.2008-2010年兰州市城关区手足口病流行特征分析[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2012,22(8):1631-1633.
[18] 冯英华,黄沂,黄云淑,等.手足口病健康教育行为干预在社区散居儿童家长中的效果观察[J].贵阳中医学院学报,2017,39(1):86-88,93.
[19] 邝璐,王长兵,梁卓夫,等.广州地区健康儿童肠道病毒71型抗体水平调查[J].中国循证儿科杂志,2011,6(3):211-214.
[20] 韩荣,张盛茹,陈万梅,等.手足口病患儿重复感染引发的思考[J].中国临床护理,2011,03(1):50-51.
[21] 谢蕾,倪红霞,丁克琴,等.2014年-2015年宁波市手足口病流行特征和病原监测分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2017,27(5):702-704.
[22] 田树萍,何菡,王文静,等.2011-2013手足口病病原谱及临床特征分析[J].北京医学,2014,36(6):447-449.
[23] Hongyan G,Chengjie M,Qiaozhi Y,et al.Hand,foot and mouth disease caused by coxackievirus A6,Beijing,2013[J].Pediatr Infect Dis J,2014,33(12):1302-1303.
PDF(992 KB)
