目的 通过对怀宁县某学校一起流感暴发疫情的卫生应急处置,探讨学校流感暴发疫情的原因、风险因素及有效应对策略。方法 采用现场流行病学调查方法,对怀宁县某学校流感暴发疫情中病例进行个案调查,采集部分病例咽拭子标本,采用 real-time PCR方法检测病例咽拭子标本流感病毒核酸。结果 2017年11月22~29日,某校共报告流感样病例 48例,罹患率为14.86%。该起暴发疫情的主要原因可能是患病学生没有采取隔离,导致疫情蔓延。采集23份咽拭子标本,其中9份咽拭子样本阳性,均为B型Yamagata系,阳性率39.13%。结论 此次疫情为乙型流感病毒感染所致,可能的传播途径为呼吸道传播和密切接触传播。

Objective To explore the causes,risk factors and effective countermeasures of an influenza outbreak in a school of Huaining county by means of emergency treatment. Methods Cases of influenza outbreak in a school in Huaining county were investigated by field epidemiological investigation. Some cases of pharynx swabs were collected and real-time PCR method was used to detect influenza virus nucleic acid in swab specimens. Results In 22-29 Nov 2017,A school reported 48 cases of influenza like illness,with a 14.86% incidence. The main reason for the outbreak was probably that the students did not take isolation,which led to the spread of the epidemic. 23 samples of throat swabs were collected,of which 9 samples were positive for throat swabs,all of them were B type Yamagata,and the positive rate was 39.13%. Conclusion The epidemic was caused by influenza B virus infection,and the possible routes of transmission were respiratory tract and close contact.