目的 了解禹会区近10年法定传染病发病水平及流行趋势,探讨流行规律及暴发疫情发生的风险。方法 根据传染病报告信息管理系统2008~2017禹会区法定传染病监测数据,分析法定传染病报告发病水平,不同人口密度对传染病发病的影响以及人群发病特点。结果 2008~2017年法定传染病平均发病率755.71/10万,不同年份报告发病率差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.627,P=0.428);城市人口密度719人/km²,农村地区人口密度为436人/km²,前者居民发病率 794.41.20/10万,后者居民发病率 552.93 /10万,差异有统计学意义(χ²=17.960,P＜0.001);以10岁以下儿童发病为主,不同年龄人群报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ²=228.43,P＜0.05);疫苗针对传染病发病下降明显,麻疹报告发病率10年间下降了90.61%;10年间没有发生传染病暴发疫情,新发传染病发病较少。结论 禹会区法定传染病报告发病水平比较高,手足口病存在发生暴发疫情风险,新发传染病尚未对公共卫生安全构成威胁。

Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic trend of notifiable infectious diseases in Yuhui District in recent 10 years, and to explore the epidemic regularity and risk of outbreak. Methods According to the infectious disease report information management system, the notifiable infectious disease monitoring data of Yuhui District from 2008 to 2017, the incidence level of notifiable infectious diseases, the impact of different population densities on the incidence of infectious diseases and the characteristics of population incidence were analyzed. Results From 2008 to 2017, the average incidence of notifiable infectious diseases was 755.71/100,000.There was no significant difference in the reported incidence rates in different years (χ²=0.627, P=0.428).The urban population density was 719 people/ km², and the rural population density was 436 people/km².The incidence of the former was 794.41.20/100,000, and that of the rural residents was 552.93/100,000.The difference was statistically significant (χ²= 17.960,P＜0.001).Children under 10 years old were the main cases, and the reported incidence of infectious diseases among different age groups had statistical significance (χ²= 228.43,P＜0.05).The reported incidence of vaccine-targeted infectious diseases decreased significantly, measles decreased by 90.61% in 10 years.No outbreak of infectious diseases occurred in 10 years, and fewer new infectious diseases occurred. Conclusion The reported incidence of notifiable infectious diseases in Yuhui District is relatively high.Hand, foot and mouth disease is at risk of outbreak.New infectious diseases have not yet posed a threat to public health and safety.