目的 根据安庆市血吸虫病省级监测点2016~2019年钉螺监测资料,分析螺情和钉螺感染情况。方法 按照“安徽省血吸虫病监测方案(2014版) ”的要求,在全市血吸虫病流行县(市、区)设血吸虫病省级监测点16个,每年开展活螺密度和钉螺感染情况监测。结果 2016~2019年监测点活螺平均密度总体呈下降趋势,2016年活螺密度0.2237只/0.1m²,2019年0.0915只/0.1m²,不同年份有螺框出现率差异有统计学意义(χ²=3 190.285,P<0.01);传播阻断区2017年活螺平均密度和有螺框出现率比2016年分别上升9.80%和26.37%,2019年比2018年分别上升16.94%和23.75%。洲滩活螺平均密度下降幅度低,2019年较2016年仅下降21.75%;钉螺主要分布湖滩、江滩、沟渠、塘堰、水田、旱地,江滩和沟渠活螺平均密度整体偏高,下降幅度低。2019年有3个监测点发现阳性钉螺。结论 安庆市螺情形势仍然严峻,血吸虫病传播风险依然存在,沟渠和江滩将是螺情监测的重点,传播阻断地区需加大螺情监测工作力度。

Objective According to the surveillance data of Oncomelania from 2016 to 2019 at provincial surveillance sites of schistosomiasis in Anqing city,the situation of density and infection of Oncomelania were analyzed. Methods According to the requirements of Surveillance Program for Schistosomiasis in Anhui Province (2014),16 provincial surveillance sites were set up in the endemic counties (cities and districts) of the whole city to monitor the density and the infection of living Oncomelania every year. Results From 2016 to 2019,the average density of living Oncomelania in the surveillance sites showed a downward trend.In 2016,the density of living Oncomelania was 0.2237/0.1m²,and in 2019,it was 0.0915/0.1m².There was a statistically significant difference in the occurrence rate of Oncomelania in different years (χ² = 3190.285,P< 0.01).The average density of living Oncomelania and the occurrence rate of Oncomelania in the transmission blocking area increased by 9.80% and 26.37% respectively in 2017 compared with 2016,and by 16.94% and 23.75% respectively in 2019 compared with 2018.The average density of living Oncomelania in the beach decreased by 21.75% in 2019 compared with that in 2016.Oncomelania were mainly distributed in lake beach,river beach,ditch,pond,paddy field and dry land.The average density of living Oncomelania in the river beach and ditch was high,and the decreasing range was low. Conclusion The Oncomelania situation in Anqing city was still severe,and the risk of schistosomiasis transmission still existed.Ditches and river beaches will be the focus of Oncomelania surveillance,and more efforts should be made in the areas where the transmission was blocked.