目的 分析合肥市妇幼人群新型冠状病毒感染者的流行病学特征,为妇幼等特殊人群的疫情防控提供参考。方法 采用描述性流行学研究,回顾性分析2020年1月23日-3月6日合肥市妇幼人群新冠肺炎确诊病例及无症状感染者的流行病学特征。结果 观察期间,合肥市妇幼人群共发生新冠病毒感染者112例,其中确诊病例84例,无症状感染者28例。66.7%的妇幼人群新冠肺炎感染者为本地传播,发病与诊断的间隔时间中位数为6.5 d,年龄以30~59岁为主(占62.5%),职业以家务及待业为主(占22.3%);84例确诊病例临床分型以普通型为主,病例数占81.0%,随着年龄的增长,临床严重程度更重(χ²_趋势=5.252,P=0.034)。确诊病例密切接触者总体续发感染率为8.16%,无症状感染者续发感染率为1.79%,确诊病例的续发感染率高于无症状感染者,差异有统计学意义(χ²=34.505,P＜0.001);密切接触者中发现的感染者与确诊病例和无症状感染者大多为亲属关系。结论 合肥市妇幼人群感染新冠病毒以本地传播为主,密切接触者中家庭成员感染风险较高,做好确诊病例和无症状感染者的密切接触者管理对控制疫情传播具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of COVID-19 infection in women and children in Hefei. Methods A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted to retrospectively analyze the epidemiological features of confirmed COVID-19 cases and asymptomatic infections among women and children during January 23 to March 6,2020. Results During the observation period,112 cases of new coronavirus infection occurred in women and children in Hefei City,including 84 confirmed cases and 28 asymptomatic cases.66.7% of the novel coronavirus pneumonia infection was transmitted locally.The median time between onset and confirmed was 6.5 days.The age of the group was mainly 30-59 years old (62.5%),and the occupation was mainly housework and unemployed (22.3%).The clinical classification of 84 confirmed cases was mainly common type (81.0%),and the clinical classification was heavier with age (linear trend χ²=5.252,P=0.034).The overall secondary infection rate of the close contacts of the confirmed cases was 8.16%,and that of the asymptomatic infections was 1.79%.The secondary infection rate of the confirmed cases was higher than that of the asymptomatic infected patients,with statistically significant differences (χ²=34.505,P＜0.001).Most of the infections found in close contacts are related to confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections. Conclusion The COVID-19 infection among women and children in Hefei was mainly transmitted locally,and family members in close contact were at high risk of infection.