目的 了解温江区外环境禽流感病毒分布情况,为制定禽流感防控措施提供参考依据。方法 2017-2019年采集温江区农贸市场、流动摊贩、农户、禽类点杀餐饮等场所外环境样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR法进行禽流感A型核酸检测,鉴定H5、H7、H9亚型。结果 2017-2019年共采集样本465份,禽流感A型病毒核酸阳性101份,阳性率21.72%。其中2019年禽流感病毒核酸阳性率38.33%,显著高于2017年(9.21%)和2018年(21.24%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=33.490,P＜0.05);2017年点杀餐饮环境禽流感A型病毒核酸阳性率44.45%,显著高于其他场所,差异有统计学意义(χ²=12.851,P＜0.05);2019年流动摊贩禽流感A型病毒核酸阳性率75.00%,显著高于其他场所,差异有统计学意义(χ²=12.846,P＜0.05);2018年笼具样本禽流感A型病毒核酸阳性率35.39%,显著高于其他类型标本,差异有统计学意义(χ²=17.466,P＜0.05)。结论 禽流感病毒在温江区相关外环境广泛存在,温江区存在人感染禽流感的风险。

Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza virus (AIV) in the environment of Wenjiang District,and to provide reference for the formulation of prevention and control measures of avian influenza. Methods From 2017 to 2019,samples were collected from farmers' markets,mobile vendors,farmers,poultry point killing restaurants and other places in Wenjiang District.Real time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of avian influenza A and identify subtypes H5,H7 and H9. Results A total of 465 samples were collected from 2017 to 2019,of which 101 were positive,with a total positive rate of 21.72%.The positive rate of avian influenza virus nucleic acid in 2019 was 38.33%,significantly higher than that in 2017 (9.21%) and 2018 (21.24%),and the difference was statistically significant (χ²= 33.490,P＜ 0.05).The positive rate of point killing catering environment in 2017 was 44.45%,significantly higher than that in other places(χ²=12.851,P＜0.05).The positive rate of mobile vendors in 2019 was 75%,significantly higher than that in other places (χ²=12.846,P＜0.05).The positive rate of cages in 2018 was 35.39%,significantly higher than that of other types of specimens (χ²=17.466,P＜0.05). Conclusion Avian influenza virus widely exists in the relevant external environment of Wenjiang District,and there is a risk of human infection of avian influenza in Wenjiang District.