目的 了解苏州高校大学生体重管理认知和行为现况,分析大学生体重管理内部群体性差异,为采取精准干预措施提供依据。方法 采用方便抽样法选取苏州市4所高校1 428名大学生为研究对象,采用自制问卷调查大学生体重管理认知、行为现况,并了解大学生获得的体重管理支持情况。结果 调查对象对健康体重认知存在一定误区且采取过不科学的体重管理行为;不同性别大学生的体质量指数(χ²=23.590,P＜0.001)、体重控制意愿(χ²=159.954,P＜0.001)分布有差异;男女大学生的饮食习惯行为(t=9.921,P=0.002)及运动行为(t=34.494,P＜0.001)差异有统计学意义。生长环境为城镇的大学生的膳食结构行为得分高于农村大学生(t=4.038,P=0.045);医学类专业大学生的饮食习惯行为得分高于非医学类专业大学生(t=4.038,P＜0.001);低年级大学生的运动行为得分高于中高年级大学生(t=6.620,P=0.007)。结论 苏州市4所高校不同性别、年级、生长环境、专业的大学生,其体重管理认知与行为存在一定的差异,需要采取针对性地干预措施,高校应在大学生的体重管理中给予积极支持。

Objective To understand the cognitive and behavioral status of weight management among college students in Suzhou City,and analyze the internal group differences of college students' weight management,so as to provide basis for taking accurate intervention measures. Methods 1428 college students from 4 universities in Suzhou City were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling method.Self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the cognition and behavior of college students' weight management,and to understand the weight management support obtained by college students. Results The results showed that the respondents had some misunderstandings about healthy weight and had taken unscientific weight management behavior.There were differences in the BMI (χ²= 23.590,p ＜ 0.001) and weight control willingness (χ²= 159.954,P＜ 0.001) among college students of different genders.There were statistically significant differences in eating habits (t=9.921,P=0.002) and exercise behavior (t= 34.494,P＜ 0.001) between male and female college students.The scores of dietary structure behavior of urban college students was higher than that of rural college students (t=4.038,P=0.045).The scores of eating habits and behavior of medical college students were higher than those of non-medical college students (t=4.038,P＜0.001).The sports behavior scores of junior college students were higher than those of middle and senior college students (t=6.620,P=0.007). Conclusion There are certain differences in weight management cognition and behavior among students of different genders,grades,growth environments,and majors in 4 universities in Suzhou City.Targeted intervention measures need to be taken,and universities should provide active support in the weight management of college students.