目的 分析2016—2020年长丰县法定传染病流行情况,了解影响传染病流行水平的主要疾病,以便针对性地开展传染病防控工作。方法 根据2016—2020年“中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统—传染病监测系统”长丰县法定传染病监测数据,分析长丰县近5年法定传染病流行情况;结合疫苗接种资料,评估疫苗针对传染病的防控效果。结果 2016—2020年长丰县累计报告法定传染病23 230例,年均发病率为598.73/10万,法定传染病发病率呈现逐年上升趋势(χ2趋势=75.944,P＜0.001)。影响传染病发病水平的主要病种分别为其他感染性腹泻病、手足口病、乙型病毒性肝炎、肺结核和梅毒;男性发病水平多于女性,发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2＝699.123,P＜0.001);城区居民发病明显高于农村;发病具有明显季节性。疫苗针对传染病,报告发病率一直保持在较低水平。结论 近5年长丰县法定传染病总体发病水平呈上升趋势,偶有暴发疫情发生,接种疫苗对控制传染病流行具有重要作用。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of legal infectious diseases in Changfeng County from 2016 to 2020 and to understand the major diseases affecting the prevalence level of infectious diseases,so as to target the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods The data were obtained from the legal infectious disease surveillance data of Changfeng County in the "China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System - Infectious Disease Surveillance System" from 2016 to 2020.The data obtained were used to analyze the prevalence of legal infectious diseases in Changfeng County in recent 5 years.Moreover,the prevention and control effect of the vaccine against infectious diseases was evaluated in conjunction with vaccination data. Results In 2016—2020,23 230 cases of legal infectious diseases were reported in Changfeng County,with an annual incidence rate of 598.73/100 000.The incidence rate of legal infectious diseases showed an increasing trend year by year (χ2trend = 75.944,P＜0.001).The main diseases affecting the incidence of infectious diseases were other infectious diarrhea,hand-foot-mouth disease,hepatitis B,tuberculosis,and syphilis.The incidence of male was more than that of women,and the incidence rate was statistically significant (χ2= 699.123,P< 0.001).The incidence in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas.The incidence was distinctly seasonal.The vaccine incidence rate for infectious diseases has been kept at a low level. Conclusion The overall incidence level of legal infectious diseases in Changfeng County has increased in recent 5 years,with occasional outbreaks.Vaccination plays an important role in controlling the prevalence of infectious diseases.
关键词
法定传染病 /
流行特征 /
暴发疫情 /
预防接种 /
疫苗针对传染病
Key words
Legal infectious diseases /
Epidemic characteristics /
Outbreak /
Vaccination /
Vaccines against infectious diseases
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