目的 了解黄山市沙门氏菌的血清型别、耐药谱及分子分型特征。方法 根据2019—2021年黄山市分离培养43株沙门氏菌进行血清分型,微量肉汤稀释法进行药敏试验,脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)进行分子分型,BioNumerics 7.6软件进行聚类分析。结果 43株沙门氏菌中共有11个血清型,其中肠炎沙门氏菌占44.19%(19/43),鼠伤寒沙门氏菌占30.23%(13/43)。沙门氏菌对14种抗生素均有不同程度耐药,氯苄西林的耐药率最高达(83.72%,36/43),其次为头孢唑林(55.81%,24/43)、萘啶酸(53.49%,23/43)。多重耐药情况显示,3类及以上抗生素耐药率达72.09%(31/43),6类以上抗生素耐药率达4.65%(2/43),其中肠炎沙门氏菌多重耐药率明显高于鼠伤寒沙门氏菌,差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.095,P＜0.05)。PFGE分析发现43株沙门氏菌共产生27种不同的PFGE条带,菌株间相似值在43.70%~100.00%之间,相同血清型的基因型比较相近具有同源性。结论 黄山市沙门氏菌血清型和基因型呈多样性,高耐药和多重耐药现象明显,应加强抗生素的规范使用和监管力度。
Abstract
Objective To understand the serotype,drug resistance spectrum and molecular typing characteristics of salmonella in Huangshan City. Methods Serotyping of 43 salmonella strains isolated and cultured in Huangshan City from 2019 to 2021 was performed,drug sensitivity test was performed by micro broth dilution method,molecular typing was performed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE),and cluster analysis was performed by BioNumerics 7.6 software. Results There were 11 serotypes in 43 salmonella strains,among which salmonella enteritidis accounted for 44.19%(19/43) and salmonella typhimurium accounted for 30.23%(13/43).Salmonella had different degrees of drug resistance to 14 antibiotics,and the drug resistance rate of ampicillin was the highest (83.72%,36/43),followed by cefazolin (55.81%,24/43) and nalidixic acid (53.49%,23/43).Multidrug resistance results showed that the drug resistance rate of three or more antibiotics was 72.09% (31/43),and that of six or more antibiotics was 4.65% (2/43).The multidrug resistance rate of salmonella enteritidis was significantly higher than that of salmonella typhimurium,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=13.095,P < 0.05).PFGE analysis showed that 43 salmonella strains produced 27 different PFGE bands,and the similarity between strains ranged from 43.70% to 100.00%,indicating that the genotypes of the same serotype were similar and homologous. Conclusion Salmonella serotypes and genotypes in Huangshan City are diverse,and the phenomenon of high drug resistance and multiple drug resistance is obvious.Therefore,the use and supervision of antibiotics should be strengthened.
关键词
沙门氏菌 /
血清分型 /
耐药性 /
分子分型
Key words
Salmonella /
Serological typing /
Drug resistance /
Molecular typing
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