目的 了解住院患者医院感染现患率、感染部位及抗菌药物使用等现状,为医院感染防控措施提供参考依据。方法 采用医院感染实时监测系统与床边调查相结合的方法,对2020年11月5日0～24时全院所有住院患者进行现患率调查。结果 本次应查病例数3 306例,实查病例数3 291例,实查率99.55%。发生医院感染病例186例(201例次),医院感染现患率为5.65%,例次现患率为6.11%。医院感染的高发科室有重症医学科(29.63%)、新生儿中心(21.95%)、血液科(19.61%)、神经外科(19.57%)。本次调查中医院感染部位主要是下呼吸道(52.24%)。手术部位感染中四类切口感染率达到13.33%。检出的微生物以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,主要有鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌。抗菌药物的使用率达到41.84%,内科系统的使用率为16.50%,外科系统的使用率为25.34%。结论 根据医院感染现患率水平,医院应加强重点科室和重点人群的感染预防与控制,严格抗菌药物的管理,提高抗菌药物使用前的病原学送检率。
Abstract
Objective To understand the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection,location of infection,and use of antibiotics in hospitalized patients,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection. Methods The prevalence rate of all patients who were hospitalized from 0 to 24 hour on November 5,2020 were investigated by the review of real-time monitoring system combined with bedside investigation. Results In this investigation,totally 3 306 cases were expected to be investigated and 3 291 cases (99.55%) were actually investigated.There were 186 cases (201 times) of nosocomial infection.The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 5.65%,and the prevalence rate of cases was 6.11%.The departments with high incidence of nosocomial infection included intensive care unit (ICU) (29.63%),neonatal center (21.95%),hematology department (19.61%) and neurosurgery department (19.57%).The lower respiratory tract was the most common site of infection at 52.24%.Four type incisional surgical site infection was 13.33%.The detected microorganisms were mainly Gram-negative bacteria,including Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae.The utilization rate of antibiotics in all patients was 41.84%.The utilization rate of the internal medicine system was 16.50%,and the utilization rate of the surgical system was 25.34%. Conclusion According to the prevalence of nosocomial infection,it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of key department and key populations,strictly manage antibacterial drugs,improve the pathogen examination rate,so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.
关键词
医院感染 /
现患率调查 /
抗菌药物 /
多重耐药菌
Key words
Nosocomial infection /
Prevalence survey /
Antibiotics /
Multi-drug resistant bacteria
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基金
江西省科技厅-省科技创新杰出青年人才培养计划(20192BCB23022)
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