目的 描述产妇产后盆底功能状况,探讨分娩年龄对产妇产后盆底肌力异常的影响。方法 选择2018年10月—2019年10月期间于金安区妇幼保健院进行产后(6～8 W)检查的212例产妇为研究对象,采用三分位法将不同年龄产妇分为3组,分别为低年龄组(＜28岁)、中年龄组(28～31岁)和高年龄组(＞31岁),评价3组产妇盆底肌功能情况。结果 产妇早期盆底肌Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类肌肌力异常(≤3 级)检出率分别为 59.4%、41.5%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,与低年龄组产妇相比,高年龄组(OR=9.968,95%CI:3.757～26.450)I类盆底肌力异常及中年龄组(OR=2.445,95%CI:1.126～5.307)和高年龄组(OR=6.370,95%CI:2.743～14.793)II类盆底肌力异常发生风险均显著增加。结论 产妇产后发生盆底功能障碍的风险较高,产妇年龄较大是盆底肌功能异常的危险因素,应鼓励女性选择最佳生育年龄生育,并积极进行产后盆底肌功能康复。

Objective To understand the present situation of pelvic floor muscle function in postpartum women and to evaluate the correlation between age at delivery and postpartum puerpera pelvic floor muscle function. Methods From October 2018 to October 2019,212 puerpera who had undergone a 6-8 week postpartum reexamination in the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jin’an District were selected as the research objects.The pelvic floor muscle testing data of puerpera were measured.The puerpera were divided into three groups:low age group (＜ 28 years old),middle age group (28~31 years old) and high age group (＞31 years old). Results The results showed that the incidence of abnormal muscle strength of type I and type II (grade ≤3) in early postpartum women were 59.43% and 41.51%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of type I and type II muscle strength abnormalities was significantly increased in middle(OR=2.60,95%CI:1.17～5.77) and high age group(OR=9.24,95%CI:3.36～25.41,OR=6.59,95%CI:2.76～15.77)compared with those in low age group. Conclusion Postpartum women are at high risk of developing pelvic floor dysfunction.The increase of age at delivery is a risk factor for abnormal pelvic floor muscle function.Women should be encouraged to choose the best childbearing age and actively carry out postpartum pelvic floor muscle function rehabilitation.