目的 分析2018—2020年武平县鼠类钩端螺旋体感染状况,为当地钩端螺旋体病防控提供科学依据。方法 笼日法捕获鼠类动物,显微镜凝集试验检测鼠血清中特异性抗体并进行血清群分型,实时荧光定量PCR法检测鼠肾组织中钩体病原的携带状况。结果 2018—2020年武平县共捕获鼠类动物428只,优势鼠种为黄毛鼠、针毛鼠和黄胸鼠;检测鼠血清180份,阳性率为43.89%,不同年份阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ²=1.063,P=0.588)。爪哇群为主要菌群,占82.28%;实时荧光定量PCR共检测鼠肾标本150份,其中阳性鼠肾66份,阳性率为44.00%,不同年份核酸阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ²=1.939,P=0.379)。共分离6株钩端螺旋体菌株,均为爪哇群,检出率为2.09%。结论 武平县鼠类动物间存在钩端螺旋体病流行,优势鼠种病原携带率高,血清抗体水平呈上升趋势,应进一步加强钩端螺旋体病的防控工作。

Objective To provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of Leptospirosis by analyzing the infection status of leptospira in rodents in Wuping County from 2018 to 2020. Methods The rodents were capture by cages.Specific antibodies in rodent serum were detected by microscope agglutination test and serogroup typing was performed.Real-time PCR was used to detect the leptospira in rat kidney tissues. Results From 2018 to 2020,428 rodents were captured in Wuping County.The dominant rodents were Rattus losea,Niviventer fulvescens and Rattus tanezumi.180 rodent serum samples were detected with a positive rate of 43.89%.There was no statistically significant difference in the positivity rate between years (χ²=1.063,P=0.588).Java serotype was the main serotype,accounting for 82.28%.150 rodent kidney samples were detected by Real-time PCR,of which 66 were positive with a positive rate of 44.00%.The difference in nucleic acid positivity rate between years was not statistically significant (χ²=1.939,P=0.379).A total of 6 strains of leptospira were isolated,with a detection rate of 2.09%,and all the strains were Java serotype. Conclusion Leptospirosis is prevalent in rodents in Wuping County.The carrying rate of leptospira in dominant rodents is high and the serum antibody level is on the rise.Surveillance and control of Leptospira should be further strengthened.