目的 了解滁州市凤阳县学生碘营养状况及含碘食品摄入频次对学生碘营养水平的影响,为适时采取针对性防治措施和科学调整干预策略提供依据。方法 根据《安徽省碘缺乏病监测方案》(2019年版)进行采样,每所小学抽取8～10岁非寄宿学生40人,收集其家中食用盐样和尿样测定盐碘含量和尿碘水平,采用B超检查学生的甲状腺容积,并对上述学生的就餐地点和含碘食品食用情况进行问卷调查。结果 凤阳县200名8～10岁学生碘盐中位数为23.7 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为94.0%;尿碘中位数为186 μg/L,8岁、9岁和10岁学生的尿碘中位数分别是169、189和186 μg/L,不同年龄段学生尿碘水平比较,差异无统计学意义(H=1.522,P=0.467),男生的尿碘中位数为199 μg/L,女生的尿碘中位数为179 μg/L,男、女尿碘水平比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.560,P=0.119);学生甲状腺肿大率为2.5%,男、女学生甲状腺肿大率分别为2.0%、3.0%,差异无统计学意义(P_Fisher＞0.999)。结论 凤阳县8~10岁儿童碘营养状况适宜量水平,学生随机一次尿碘水平受多种因素的影响,规范食用合格碘盐的同时,仍然需要合理膳食,防止发生碘缺乏的同时也需避免碘过量。

Objective To understand the iodine nutrition status of students in Fengyang County,Chuzhou City and the influence of intake frequency of iodine containing food on the iodine nutrition level of students,so as to provide basis for timely adoption of targeted prevention and control measures and scientific adjustment of intervention strategies. Methods According to the Iodine deficiency disease monitoring plan of Anhui Province (version 2019),40 non boarding students aged 8-10 were sampled from each primary school.The salt and urine samples were collected to determine the salt iodine content and urine iodine level.The thyroid volume of the students was examined by B-ultrasound.A questionnaire survey was conducted on the eating places and the consumption of iodine containing food of the above students. Results The median iodized salt consumption rate of 200 students aged 8-10 in Fengyang County was 23.7 mg/kg,and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 94.0%.The median urinary iodine was 186 μg/L,the median urinary iodine of students aged 8,9 and 10 were 169 μg/L,189 μg/L and 186 μg/L.There was no significant difference in urine iodine level among students of different ages (H=1.522,P=0.467).The median urine iodine level of boys was 199 μg/L,and the median urinary iodine of girls was 179μg/L,there was no significant difference between male and female urinary iodine levels (Z=-1.560,P=0.119).The goiter rate of students was 2.5%,and that of male and female students were 2.0% and 3.0% respectively,with no significant difference (P_Fisher＞0.999) . Conclusion The iodine nutritional status of children aged 8-10 in Fengyang County is at the appropriate level.The level of iodine in the urine of students at random is affected by many factors.While standardizing the consumption of qualified iodized salt,reasonable diet is still required to prevent iodine deficiency and avoid iodine excess.